MfE Data Service :: tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2008-10:feed:tables:category=301218:sort=rMinistry for the Environmenthttps://data.mfe.govt.nz//National temperature, state, 1909 - 2022tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2023-12:layers:1153702023-12-07T03:15:40.177954+00:002023-12-07T03:13:31.981645+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/115370-national-temperature-state-1909-2022/" title="Details for National temperature, state, 1909 - 2022"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/115370/395069/small.png" alt="National temperature, state, 1909 - 2022 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 07 Dec 2023</strong><br />
<p>We provide temperature and anomaly data alongside Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) global land temperature anomalies against the 1961 to 1990, and 1991 to 2020 baseline periods. </p>
<p>Global average temperatures have increased by around 1 degree Celsius in the last century, almost certainly a result of high levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases emitted from human activities. While this change may seem small, relatively small changes in our climate can have big effects on our environment (Ministry for the Environment [MfE] & Stats NZ, 2019). </p>
<p>Temperature change can have a significant effect on agriculture, energy demand, ecosystems, and recreation. Climate change projections for New Zealand suggest the greatest warming will be in summer/autumn and the least in winter and spring (MfE, 2018). </p>
<p>Temperature is also influenced by natural processes such as climate oscillations like the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, ENSO does not affect the long-term warming trend of the national temperature time series (World Meteorological Organization [WMO], 2014). </p>
<p>Variables:<br>
year: Year.<br>
temperature: Temperature in degrees Celsius.<br>
data_released: Year the data was released.<br>
source: Source of data.<br>
anomaly: Anomaly against the average temperature of a given reference period.<br>
reference_period: Reference period. </p>
<p>References:<br>
Ministry for the Environment. (2018). Climate Change Projections for New Zealand: Atmosphere Projections Based on Simulations from the IPCC Fifth Assessment, 2nd Edition (Publication No. ME 1385). <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/climate-change/climate-change-projections-new-zealand">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/climate-change/climat...</a><br>
Ministry for the Environment & Stats NZ. (2019). New Zealand’s Environmental Reporting Series: Environment Aotearoa 2019 (Publication No. ME 1416). <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/environment-aotearoa-2019">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a><br>
World Meteorological Organization. (2014). El Niño/Southern Oscillation. WMO. (WMO-No. 1145). <a href="https://library.wmo.int/records/item/53800-el-nino-southern-oscillation">library.wmo.int/records/item/53800-el-nino-souther...</a></p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 07 Dec 2023<br />
Updated: 07 Dec 2023<br />
National Temperature, trends, 1909-2022tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2023-12:layers:1153812023-12-08T01:15:08.949406+00:002023-12-08T01:14:03.360904+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/115381-national-temperature-trends-1909-2022/" title="Details for National Temperature, trends, 1909-2022"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/115381/395085/small.png" alt="National Temperature, trends, 1909-2022 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 08 Dec 2023</strong><br />
<p>This dataset reports the linear trend (downward or upward shifts in data points over time) in New Zealand’s national average temperature from 1909 to 2022 from the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research’s (NIWA) ‘seven-station’ temperature series.</p>
<p>Variables:<br>
data_released: Year the data was released<br>
source: Source of data<br>
p_value: P value<br>
slope, conf_low, conf_high: Rate of change per year and their lower and upper confidence intervals<br>
conf_level: confidence level (95%)<br>
intercept, r_squared, sigma: Linear model statistics<br>
trend_method: Whether the information in this row correspond to the Linear model slope or the Mann-Kendall test<br>
n: number of observations used to calculate the trend<br>
period_start: Start of the period for which the trend was assessed<br>
period_end: End of the period for which the trend was assessed</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 08 Dec 2023<br />
Updated: 08 Dec 2023<br />
Daily temperature, 1909 - 2019tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050562020-10-14T19:24:06.245382+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105056-daily-temperature-1909-2019/" title="Details for Daily temperature, 1909 - 2019"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105056/338848/small.png" alt="Daily temperature, 1909 - 2019 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>This lowest aggregation dataset, was used to develop three ‘Our Atmosphere and Climate’ indicators. See Statistics New Zealand indicator links for specific methodologies and state/trend datasets (see ‘Shiny App’ downloads).<br>
1) Temperature (<a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/temperature">www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/temperature</a>)<br>
2) First and last frost days (<a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/frost-and-warm-days">www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/frost-and-warm-days</a>)<br>
3) Growing degree days (<a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/growing-degree-days">www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/growing-degree-days</a>)</p>
<p>IMPORTANT INFORMATION<br>
Due to the size of this dataset (111 MB), a 32-bit version of Microsoft Excel will only display/download ~ 1 million rows. A DBMS, statistical or GIS application is needed to view the entire dataset.</p>
<p>This dataset shows two measures of temperature change in New Zealand: New Zealand’s national temperature from NIWA’s ‘seven-station’ temperature series from 1909 to 2019, and temperature at 30 sites around the country from at least 1972 to 2019. For national temperature, we report daily average, minimum and maximum temperatures. We also present New Zealand national and global temperature anomalies.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Growing degree days trend assessment, by site, 1972/3–2015/6tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894812017-10-18T09:46:47.533243+00:002017-10-18T03:32:01.589799+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89481-growing-degree-days-trend-assessment-by-site-1972-32015-6/" title="Details for Growing degree days trend assessment, by site, 1972/3–2015/6"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89481/285888/small.png" alt="Growing degree days trend assessment, by site, 1972/3–2015/6 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 18 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Growing degree days (GDD) measures the amount of warmth available for plant and insect growth and can be used to predict when flowers will bloom and crops and insects will mature. GDD counts the total number of degrees Celsius each day is above a threshold temperature. In this report we used 10 degrees Celsius. Increased GDD means that plants and insects reach maturity faster, provided that other conditions necessary for growth are favourable, such as sufficient moisture and nutrients. As a measure of temperature, GDD experiences short-term changes in response to climate variations, such as El Niño, and in the longer-term is affected by our warming climate.<br>
Growing degree days (GDD) counts the number of days that are warmer than a threshold temperature (Tbase) in a year. GDD is calculated by subtracting the Tbase from the average daily temperature (maximum plus minimum temperature divided by two). If the average daily temperature is less than Tbase the GDD for that day is assigned a value of zero.<br>
This dataset gives the trend in GDD over growing seasons (July 1 – June 30 of the following year) for 30 sites.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 18 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 18 Oct 2017<br />
Trends in global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894552017-10-14T01:13:24.324330+00:002017-10-14T00:40:09.480469+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89455-trends-in-global-and-new-zealand-temperature-anomalies-19092016/" title="Details for Trends in global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89455/285824/small.png" alt="Trends in global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>This dataset contains trends in temperatures anomalies from NIWA's 'seven-station' temperature series and three global temperature series.<br>
Trends were assessed using linear regression at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894522017-10-14T01:13:36.054778+00:002017-10-14T00:39:23.599280+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89452-global-and-new-zealand-temperature-anomalies-19092016/" title="Details for Global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89452/285821/small.png" alt="Global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>This dataset compares temperatures anomalies from NIWA's 'seven-station' temperature series with three global temperature series.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our Environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
New Zealand's national temperature, 1909–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894532017-10-14T01:13:38.444096+00:002017-10-14T00:39:40.165667+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89453-new-zealands-national-temperature-19092016/" title="Details for New Zealand's national temperature, 1909–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89453/285822/small.png" alt="New Zealand's national temperature, 1909–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>This dataset relates to NIWA's 'seven-station' temperature series uses temperature measurements from seven 'climate stations'.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Growing degree days trend assessment, for New Zealand, the North Island, and the South Island, 1972/3–2015/6tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894762017-10-17T21:37:20.430679+00:002017-10-17T21:35:59.538333+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89476-growing-degree-days-trend-assessment-for-new-zealand-the-north-island-and-the-south-island-1972-32015-6/" title="Details for Growing degree days trend assessment, for New Zealand, the North Island, and the South Island, 1972/3–2015/6"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89476/285883/small.png" alt="Growing degree days trend assessment, for New Zealand, the North Island, and the South Island, 1972/3–2015/6 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 17 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Growing degree days (GDD) measures the amount of warmth available for plant and insect growth and can be used to predict when flowers will bloom and crops and insects will mature. GDD counts the total number of degrees Celsius each day is above a threshold temperature. In this report we used 10 degrees Celsius. Increased GDD means that plants and insects reach maturity faster, provided that other conditions necessary for growth are favourable, such as sufficient moisture and nutrients. As a measure of temperature, GDD experiences short-term changes in response to climate variations, such as El Niño, and in the longer-term is affected by our warming climate.<br>
Growing degree days (GDD) counts the number of days that are warmer than a threshold temperature (Tbase) in a year. GDD is calculated by subtracting the Tbase from the average daily temperature (maximum plus minimum temperature divided by two). If the average daily temperature is less than Tbase the GDD for that day is assigned a value of zero.<br>
This dataset gives the trend in GDD over growing seasons (July 1 – June 30 of the following year) for New Zealand and the North and South Islands.<br>
Trend direction was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 17 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 17 Oct 2017<br />
Growing degree days monthly data by site, 1972–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:893922017-10-12T21:29:50.594456+00:002017-10-12T21:28:54.557819+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89392-growing-degree-days-monthly-data-by-site-19722016/" title="Details for Growing degree days monthly data by site, 1972–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89392/285631/small.png" alt="Growing degree days monthly data by site, 1972–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Growing degree days (GDD) measures the amount of warmth available for plant and insect growth and can be used to predict when flowers will bloom and crops and insects will mature. GDD counts the total number of degrees Celsius each day is above a threshold temperature. In this report we used 10 degrees Celsius. Increased GDD means that plants and insects reach maturity faster, provided that other conditions necessary for growth are favourable, such as sufficient moisture and nutrients. As a measure of temperature, GDD experiences short-term changes in response to climate variations, such as El Niño, and in the longer-term is affected by our warming climate.<br>
This dataset gives the number of GDD per month and calendar year for all 30 sites.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Growing degree days annual growing season averages and totals, 1972/3–2015/6tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:893932017-10-12T21:30:24.577399+00:002017-10-12T21:29:35.155083+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89393-growing-degree-days-annual-growing-season-averages-and-totals-1972-32015-6/" title="Details for Growing degree days annual growing season averages and totals, 1972/3–2015/6"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89393/285632/small.png" alt="Growing degree days annual growing season averages and totals, 1972/3–2015/6 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Growing degree days (GDD) measures the amount of warmth available for plant and insect growth and can be used to predict when flowers will bloom and crops and insects will mature. GDD counts the total number of degrees Celsius each day is above a threshold temperature. In this report we used 10 degrees Celsius. Increased GDD means that plants and insects reach maturity faster, provided that other conditions necessary for growth are favourable, such as sufficient moisture and nutrients. As a measure of temperature, GDD experiences short-term changes in response to climate variations, such as El Niño, and in the longer-term is affected by our warming climate.<br>
This dataset gives the average number of GDD over growing seasons (July 1 – June 30 of the following year) for New Zealand, the North and South Islands, and for all 30 sites.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Frost and warm days, 1972–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:893872017-10-12T21:15:32.905100+00:002017-10-12T21:14:05.051760+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89387-frost-and-warm-days-19722016/" title="Details for Frost and warm days, 1972–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89387/285626/small.png" alt="Frost and warm days, 1972–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>The number of frost and warm days changes from year to year in response to climate variation, such as the warming pattern induced by El Niño. Climate models project we may experience fewer cold and more warm extremes in the future. Changes in the number of frost and warm days can affect agriculture, recreation, and our behaviour, for example, what we do to keep safe on icy roads or whether to use air conditioning to keep cool.<br>
A frost day is when the minimum temperature recorded is below 0 degrees Celsius. It refers to a temperature measured in an instrument screen 1.2 m above the ground rather than a ‘ground frost’. We define a warm day as having a maximum recorded temperature above 25 degrees Celsius. The threshold of 25 degrees Celsius is chosen to represent days where action might be taken to keep cool (eg turn air conditioning on).<br>
This dataset gives the number of frost and warm days per month and calendar year for New Zealand, the North and South Islands, and all 30 sites.<br>
For frost days we have used calendar years. For warm days we have used growing season (July 1 – June 30 of the following year).<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Frost and warm days trend assessment, 1972–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:893882017-10-12T21:15:29.657396+00:002017-10-12T21:14:16.667627+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89388-frost-and-warm-days-trend-assessment-19722016/" title="Details for Frost and warm days trend assessment, 1972–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89388/285627/small.png" alt="Frost and warm days trend assessment, 1972–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>The number of frost and warm days changes from year to year in response to climate variation, such as the warming pattern induced by El Niño. Climate models project we may experience fewer cold and more warm extremes in the future. Changes in the number of frost and warm days can affect agriculture, recreation, and our behaviour, for example, what we do to keep safe on icy roads or whether to use air conditioning to keep cool.<br>
A frost day is when the minimum temperature recorded is below 0 degrees Celsius. It refers to a temperature measured in an instrument screen 1.2m above the ground rather than a ‘ground frost’. We define a warm day as having a maximum recorded temperature above 25 degrees Celsius. The threshold of 25 degrees Celsius is chosen to represent days where action might be taken to keep cool (eg turn air conditioning on).<br>
This dataset gives the trend in frost and warm days for New Zealand, the North and South Islands, and for all 30 sites.<br>
For frost days we have used calendar years. For warm days we have used growing season (July 1 – June 30 of the following year).<br>
Trend direction was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our Environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Annual average temperature anomaly (1909–2013)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2015-10:layers:525722015-10-01T21:42:07.017636+00:002015-10-01T21:41:38.016581+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/52572-annual-average-temperature-anomaly-19092013/" title="Details for Annual average temperature anomaly (1909–2013)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/52572/147303/small.png" alt="Annual average temperature anomaly (1909–2013) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 01 Oct 2015</strong><br />
<p>Temperature change is influenced by changes in atmospheric composition that result from greenhouse gas emissions. It is also linked to atmospheric circulation changes (eg the El Niño southern oscillation). It can have a significant effect on agriculture, energy demand, and recreation. The primary purpose of the dataset is to provide a long time series which represents the nation-scale state of climate with respect to temperature in New Zealand.<br>
Further information can be found in:<br>
Tait, A, Macara, G, & Paul, V. (2014) Preparation of climate datasets for the 2015 Environmental Synthesis Report: Temperature, Rainfall, Wind, Sunshine and Soil Moisture. Prepared for Ministry for the Environment. Available at <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL">data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL</a> on the Ministry for the Environment dataservice (<a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/">data.mfe.govt.nz/</a>).<br>
This dataset relates to the "National temperature time series" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Updated: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Global and New Zealand temperatures, five year running average (1911–2010)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2015-10:layers:525732015-10-01T21:42:51.563509+00:002015-10-01T21:42:04.989262+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/52573-global-and-new-zealand-temperatures-five-year-running-average-19112010/" title="Details for Global and New Zealand temperatures, five year running average (1911–2010)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/52573/147304/small.png" alt="Global and New Zealand temperatures, five year running average (1911–2010) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 01 Oct 2015</strong><br />
<p>Temperature change is influenced by changes in atmospheric composition that result from greenhouse gas emissions. It is also linked to atmospheric circulation changes (eg the El Niño southern oscillation). It can have a significant effect on agriculture, energy demand, and recreation. The primary aim of the datasets is to provide a tool to show average New Zealand and global temperatures compared to a reference temperature in order to compare this with expected global climate change in response to mechanisms such as atmospheric carbon dioxide, volcanic aerosols, and solar irradiance changes. Further information can be found in:<br>
Tait, A, Macara, G, & Paul, V. (2014) Preparation of climate datasets for the 2015 Environmental Synthesis Report: Temperature, Rainfall, Wind, Sunshine and Soil Moisture. Prepared for Ministry for the Environment. Available at <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL">data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL</a> on the Ministry for the Environment dataservice (<a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/">data.mfe.govt.nz/</a>).<br>
This dataset relates to the "National temperature time series" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Updated: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Number of warm days (above 25⁰ C) for selected sites (1975–2013)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2015-10:layers:525762015-10-01T21:45:04.532470+00:002015-10-01T21:44:11.604958+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/52576-number-of-warm-days-above-250-c-for-selected-sites-19752013/" title="Details for Number of warm days (above 25⁰ C) for selected sites (1975–2013)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/52576/147307/small.png" alt="Number of warm days (above 25⁰ C) for selected sites (1975–2013) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 01 Oct 2015</strong><br />
<p>The number of frost and hot days we experience each year can change in response to many climate factors, such as the warming pattern induced by El Niño. These numbers indicate the variations in our climate and are an important consideration in agriculture. They also affect our behaviour, for example, what we do to keep safe on icy roads or whether to use air conditioning to keep cool.<br>
further information can be found in:<br>
Tait, A, Macara, G, & Paul, V. (2014) Preparation of climate datasets for the 2015 Environmental Synthesis Report: Temperature, Rainfall, Wind, Sunshine and Soil Moisture. Prepared for Ministry for the Environment. Available at <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL">data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL</a> on the Ministry for the Environment dataservice (<a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/">data.mfe.govt.nz/</a>).<br>
This dataset relates to the "Frost and hot days" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Updated: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Number of frost days for selected sites (1975–2013)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2015-10:layers:525752015-10-01T21:43:51.252259+00:002015-10-01T21:43:03.814774+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/52575-number-of-frost-days-for-selected-sites-19752013/" title="Details for Number of frost days for selected sites (1975–2013)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/52575/147306/small.png" alt="Number of frost days for selected sites (1975–2013) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 01 Oct 2015</strong><br />
<p>The number of frost and hot days we experience each year can change in response to many climate factors, such as the warming pattern induced by El Niño. These numbers indicate the variations in our climate and are an important consideration in agriculture. They also affect our behaviour, for example, what we do to keep safe on icy roads or whether to use air conditioning to keep cool.<br>
Further information can be found in:<br>
Tait, A, Macara, G, & Paul, V. (2014) Preparation of climate datasets for the 2015 Environmental Synthesis Report: Temperature, Rainfall, Wind, Sunshine and Soil Moisture. Prepared for Ministry for the Environment. Available at <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL">data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL</a> on the Ministry for the Environment dataservice (<a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/">data.mfe.govt.nz/</a>).<br>
This dataset relates to the "Frost and hot days" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Updated: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Annual growing degree daystag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2015-10:layers:525742015-10-01T21:43:03.600593+00:002015-10-01T21:42:33.517318+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/52574-annual-growing-degree-days/" title="Details for Annual growing degree days"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/52574/147305/small.png" alt="Annual growing degree days thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 01 Oct 2015</strong><br />
<p>Growing degree days (GDD) is the measure of how much warmth is available for plant and insect growth during a growing season. GDD information helps horticulturists and farmers predict plant growth and stock development. The GDD value changes in response to climate variations, such as El Niño. Long-term changes in GDD are a measure of changing climate conditions.<br>
Further information can be found in:<br>
Tait, A, Macara, G, & Paul, V. (2014) Preparation of climate datasets for the 2015 Environmental Synthesis Report: Temperature, Rainfall, Wind, Sunshine and Soil Moisture. Prepared for Ministry for the Environment. Available at <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL">data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Fwn9AL</a> on the Ministry for the Environment dataservice (<a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/">data.mfe.govt.nz/</a>).<br>
This dataset relates to the "Growing degree days" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Updated: 01 Oct 2015<br />