MfE Data Service :: tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2008-10:feed:tables:category=301162:sort=rMinistry for the Environmenthttps://data.mfe.govt.nz//Greenhouse gas concentrations, trends, to 2022tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2024-02:layers:1159752024-02-19T00:55:07.837854+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/115975-greenhouse-gas-concentrations-trends-to-2022/" title="Details for Greenhouse gas concentrations, trends, to 2022"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/115975/398297/small.png" alt="Greenhouse gas concentrations, trends, to 2022 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>This indicator measures trends of atmospheric concentrations of the three main greenhouse gases (GHGs) associated with human activities for the specified periods to 2022: carbon dioxide (CO2, ppm) from 1972, methane (CH4, ppb) from 1989, and nitrous oxide (N2O, ppb) from 1996.A subset of observations taken at Baring Head near Wellington was used to report on seasonally adjusted annual trends for each greenhouse gas.</p>
<p>Variables:<br>
variable: Type of GHG (CO2, CH4, N20)<br>
term: Year is a term for including years in the linear model. Year2 is a term for including squared years in the linear model with a quadratic term.<br>
p_value: The two-sided p-value associated with the observed statistic<br>
slope: The estimated value of the regression term. Rise in y for every unit of x.<br>
conf_90_low: The lower bound (inclusive) of values that's very likely to include a population value with a 90 percent degree of confidence<br>
conf_90_high: The upper bound (inclusive) of values that's very likely to include a population value with a 90 percent degree of confidence<br>
intercept: intercept<br>
r_sqaured: A measure of how well the regression line approximates the actual data. The r_squared value represents the proportion of the variance for a dependent variable that’s explained by an independent variable in a regression model.<br>
sigma: sigma<br>
method: The type of trend test undertaken. Note that for methane a linear model with a quadratic term is used. For the Mann Kendall test we used a modified Mann Kendall test for autocorrelated data modifiedmk::mmkh()<br>
n: Number of data points included in trend calculation.<br>
note: Linear model analysis notes<br>
conf_66_low: The lower bound (inclusive) of values that's likely to include a population value with a 66 percent degree of confidence<br>
conf_66_high: The upper bound (inclusive) of values that's likely to include a population value with a 66 percent degree of confidence<br>
z_score: Z statistic after correcting for autocorrelated data<br>
tau: Mann-Kendall's Tau<br>
variance: variance after correcting for autocorrelated data<br>
trend_likelihood: A description of how strong/likely the trend result is. Trends are categorised use the p-value. Categories are based on Stats NZ likelihood scale, which is a subset of the categories used by the IPCC. The following table shows the p-values for the different categories.<br>
term left_break right_break left_open right_open<br>
<br>
1 Very likely 0.9 1 TRUE FALSE<br>
2 Likely 0.66 0.9 TRUE FALSE<br>
3 Indeterminate 0.33 0.66 FALSE FALSE<br>
4 Unlikely 0.1 0.33 FALSE TRUE<br>
5 Very unlikely 0 0.1 FALSE TRUE</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Feb 2024<br />
Greenhouse gas concentrations, to 2022tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2024-02:layers:1159742024-02-19T00:51:34.901436+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/115974-greenhouse-gas-concentrations-to-2022/" title="Details for Greenhouse gas concentrations, to 2022"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/115974/398296/small.png" alt="Greenhouse gas concentrations, to 2022 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>This dataset measures atmospheric concentrations of the three main greenhouse gases (GHGs) associated with human activities for the specified periods to 2022: carbon dioxide (CO2) from 1972, methane (CH4) from 1989, and nitrous oxide (N2O) from 1996.</p>
<p>A subset of observations taken at Baring Head near Wellington was used to report on monthly averages and seasonally adjusted annual trends for each greenhouse gas.</p>
<p>Variables:<br>
year: Year<br>
month: Month<br>
variable: Type of GHG (CO2, CH4, N2O)<br>
parameter: Description of what the value describes (mean, mean_fitted, seasonal_adjusted_mean, trend). mean = monthly mean, mean_fitted = monthly mean with any missing values interpolated, seasonal_adjusted_mean = mean_fitted - seasonal component of the STL, trend = STL value<br>
value: Concentration value<br>
unit: Units of measurement</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Feb 2024<br />
National temperature, state, 1909 - 2022tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2023-12:layers:1153702023-12-07T03:15:40.177954+00:002023-12-07T03:13:31.981645+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/115370-national-temperature-state-1909-2022/" title="Details for National temperature, state, 1909 - 2022"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/115370/395069/small.png" alt="National temperature, state, 1909 - 2022 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 07 Dec 2023</strong><br />
<p>We provide temperature and anomaly data alongside Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) global land temperature anomalies against the 1961 to 1990, and 1991 to 2020 baseline periods. </p>
<p>Global average temperatures have increased by around 1 degree Celsius in the last century, almost certainly a result of high levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases emitted from human activities. While this change may seem small, relatively small changes in our climate can have big effects on our environment (Ministry for the Environment [MfE] & Stats NZ, 2019). </p>
<p>Temperature change can have a significant effect on agriculture, energy demand, ecosystems, and recreation. Climate change projections for New Zealand suggest the greatest warming will be in summer/autumn and the least in winter and spring (MfE, 2018). </p>
<p>Temperature is also influenced by natural processes such as climate oscillations like the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, ENSO does not affect the long-term warming trend of the national temperature time series (World Meteorological Organization [WMO], 2014). </p>
<p>Variables:<br>
year: Year.<br>
temperature: Temperature in degrees Celsius.<br>
data_released: Year the data was released.<br>
source: Source of data.<br>
anomaly: Anomaly against the average temperature of a given reference period.<br>
reference_period: Reference period. </p>
<p>References:<br>
Ministry for the Environment. (2018). Climate Change Projections for New Zealand: Atmosphere Projections Based on Simulations from the IPCC Fifth Assessment, 2nd Edition (Publication No. ME 1385). <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/climate-change/climate-change-projections-new-zealand">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/climate-change/climat...</a><br>
Ministry for the Environment & Stats NZ. (2019). New Zealand’s Environmental Reporting Series: Environment Aotearoa 2019 (Publication No. ME 1416). <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/environment-aotearoa-2019">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a><br>
World Meteorological Organization. (2014). El Niño/Southern Oscillation. WMO. (WMO-No. 1145). <a href="https://library.wmo.int/records/item/53800-el-nino-southern-oscillation">library.wmo.int/records/item/53800-el-nino-souther...</a></p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 07 Dec 2023<br />
Updated: 07 Dec 2023<br />
National Temperature, trends, 1909-2022tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2023-12:layers:1153812023-12-08T01:15:08.949406+00:002023-12-08T01:14:03.360904+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/115381-national-temperature-trends-1909-2022/" title="Details for National Temperature, trends, 1909-2022"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/115381/395085/small.png" alt="National Temperature, trends, 1909-2022 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 08 Dec 2023</strong><br />
<p>This dataset reports the linear trend (downward or upward shifts in data points over time) in New Zealand’s national average temperature from 1909 to 2022 from the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research’s (NIWA) ‘seven-station’ temperature series.</p>
<p>Variables:<br>
data_released: Year the data was released<br>
source: Source of data<br>
p_value: P value<br>
slope, conf_low, conf_high: Rate of change per year and their lower and upper confidence intervals<br>
conf_level: confidence level (95%)<br>
intercept, r_squared, sigma: Linear model statistics<br>
trend_method: Whether the information in this row correspond to the Linear model slope or the Mann-Kendall test<br>
n: number of observations used to calculate the trend<br>
period_start: Start of the period for which the trend was assessed<br>
period_end: End of the period for which the trend was assessed</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 08 Dec 2023<br />
Updated: 08 Dec 2023<br />
Annual glacier ice volumes, 1977–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894722017-10-16T22:04:57.514968+00:002017-10-16T22:03:33.040166+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89472-annual-glacier-ice-volumes-19772016/" title="Details for Annual glacier ice volumes, 1977–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89472/285879/small.png" alt="Annual glacier ice volumes, 1977–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 16 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>A glacier is a body of slow-moving ice, at least 1 hectare in area that has persisted for two decades or longer. New Zealand has 3,144 glaciers. Most are located along the Southern Alps on the South Island, although Mount Ruapehu on the North Island supports 18 glaciers. New Zealand’s large glaciers are noteworthy for their large debris cover. The exceptions, Franz Joseph and Fox glaciers, are rare examples of glaciers that terminate in a rainforest.<br>
Glacier volume is strongly influenced by climate factors, such as temperature and precipitation, which scientists expect to be affected by the warming climate. Glacial ice is an important water resource. Changes to ice storage and melting can affect ecological and hydropower resources downstream, as well as important cultural values and tourism.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 16 Oct 2017<br />
Rainfall, 1960 - 2019tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050552020-10-14T21:37:44.327014+00:002020-10-14T19:10:27.035911+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105055-rainfall-1960-2019/" title="Details for Rainfall, 1960 - 2019"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105055/338847/small.png" alt="Rainfall, 1960 - 2019 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2020</strong><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Greenhouse gas concentrations" indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govtnz/indicators/greenhouse-gas-concentrations">www.stats.govtnz/indicators/greenhouse-gas-concent...</a>]</p>
<p>This lowest aggregation dataset, was used to develop two ‘Our Atmosphere and Climate’ indicators. See Statistics New Zealand indicator links for specific methodologies and state/trend datasets (see ‘Shiny App’ downloads).<br>
1) Rainfall (<a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/rainfall">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/rainfall</a>)<br>
2) Extreme rainfall (a. <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/extreme-rainfall">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/extreme-rainfall</a></p>
<p>This dataset shows daily rainfall at 30 sites across New Zealand from 1960 to 2019.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2020<br />
El Niño Southern Oscillation, 1876 - 2019tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050602020-10-14T21:38:00.581068+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105060-el-nino-southern-oscillation-1876-2019/" title="Details for El Niño Southern Oscillation, 1876 - 2019"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105060/338852/small.png" alt="El Niño Southern Oscillation, 1876 - 2019 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "El Niño Southern Oscillation" indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/el-nino-southern-oscillation">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/el-nino-southern-osci...</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator measures the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the movement of warm equatorial water across the Pacific Ocean and the atmospheric response, using the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The SOI measures changes in atmospheric pressures across the Pacific.</p>
<p>We report the monthly average and 6-month rolling average SOI from 1876 to 2019, as well as the annual average SOI for this same period alongside New Zealand’s de-trended temperature from 1909 to 2019.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
New Zealand's greenhouse gas emissions, 1990 - 2018tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050582020-10-14T21:37:50.040121+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105058-new-zealands-greenhouse-gas-emissions-1990-2018/" title="Details for New Zealand's greenhouse gas emissions, 1990 - 2018"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105058/338850/small.png" alt="New Zealand's greenhouse gas emissions, 1990 - 2018 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: Ministry for the Environment</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "New Zealand's greenhouse gas emissions" indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govtnz/indicators/new-zealanads-greenhouse-gas-emissions">www.stats.govtnz/indicators/new-zealanads-greenhou...</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator measures New Zealand’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO-e) units from 1990 to 2018.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Greenhouse gas concentrations, 1972 - 2019tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050572020-10-14T21:37:51.161487+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105057-greenhouse-gas-concentrations-1972-2019/" title="Details for Greenhouse gas concentrations, 1972 - 2019"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105057/338849/small.png" alt="Greenhouse gas concentrations, 1972 - 2019 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Greenhouse gas concentrations" indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govtnz/indicators/greenhouse-gas-concentrations">www.stats.govtnz/indicators/greenhouse-gas-concent...</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator measures atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide from 1972, methane from 1989, and nitrous oxide from 1996, to 2019 from ‘clean air’ observations at Baring Head near Wellington. We report monthly averages for each greenhouse gas. Data for carbon monoxide (CO) are also provided in the dataset.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Daily temperature, 1909 - 2019tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050562020-10-14T19:24:06.245382+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105056-daily-temperature-1909-2019/" title="Details for Daily temperature, 1909 - 2019"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105056/338848/small.png" alt="Daily temperature, 1909 - 2019 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>This lowest aggregation dataset, was used to develop three ‘Our Atmosphere and Climate’ indicators. See Statistics New Zealand indicator links for specific methodologies and state/trend datasets (see ‘Shiny App’ downloads).<br>
1) Temperature (<a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/temperature">www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/temperature</a>)<br>
2) First and last frost days (<a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/frost-and-warm-days">www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/frost-and-warm-days</a>)<br>
3) Growing degree days (<a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/growing-degree-days">www.stats.govt.nz/ndicators/growing-degree-days</a>)</p>
<p>IMPORTANT INFORMATION<br>
Due to the size of this dataset (111 MB), a 32-bit version of Microsoft Excel will only display/download ~ 1 million rows. A DBMS, statistical or GIS application is needed to view the entire dataset.</p>
<p>This dataset shows two measures of temperature change in New Zealand: New Zealand’s national temperature from NIWA’s ‘seven-station’ temperature series from 1909 to 2019, and temperature at 30 sites around the country from at least 1972 to 2019. For national temperature, we report daily average, minimum and maximum temperatures. We also present New Zealand national and global temperature anomalies.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Drought, 1972 - 2019, trendtag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050532020-10-14T21:37:34.039959+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105053-drought-1972-2019-trend/" title="Details for Drought, 1972 - 2019, trend"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105053/338843/small.png" alt="Drought, 1972 - 2019, trend thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Drought indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/drought">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/drought</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator uses the Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), which incorporates temperature and precipitation, to measure drought events. We report on drought frequency, duration, severity, and intensity at three different time scales (short-term (3 months), medium-term (6 months) and long-term (12 months)). These different time scales are approximately equivalent to meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought, respectively. We do this for 30 sites across New Zealand from 1972 to 2019, and also present trends for the same period.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Drought, 1972 - 2019, statetag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050522020-10-14T21:37:26.935678+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105052-drought-1972-2019-state/" title="Details for Drought, 1972 - 2019, state"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105052/338842/small.png" alt="Drought, 1972 - 2019, state thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Drought indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/drought">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/drought</a>]<br>
This indicator uses the Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), which incorporates temperature and precipitation, to measure drought events. We report on drought frequency, duration, severity, and intensity at three different time scales (short-term (3 months), medium-term (6 months) and long-term (12 months)). These different time scales are approximately equivalent to meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought, respectively. We do this for 30 sites across New Zealand from 1972 to 2019.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Atmospheric ozone, 1979 - 2019, trendstag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050512020-10-14T21:37:22.060279+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105051-atmospheric-ozone-1979-2019-trends/" title="Details for Atmospheric ozone, 1979 - 2019, trends"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105051/338841/small.png" alt="Atmospheric ozone, 1979 - 2019, trends thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Atmospheric ozone" indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govtnz/indicators/atmospheric-ozone">www.stats.govtnz/indicators/atmospheric-ozone</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator measures the thickness of total column ozone in Dobson Units observed above Lauder, Otago. We report minimum, average, and maximum annual total column ozone for each year from 1979 to 2019, and trends. We also report minimum, average, and maximum daily average column ozone by day of year from 1979 to 2019.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Atmospheric ozone, 1979 - 2019, statetag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050502020-10-14T21:41:07.430139+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105050-atmospheric-ozone-1979-2019-state/" title="Details for Atmospheric ozone, 1979 - 2019, state"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105050/338840/small.png" alt="Atmospheric ozone, 1979 - 2019, state thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Atmospheric ozone" indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govtnz/indicators/atmospheric-ozone">www.stats.govtnz/indicators/atmospheric-ozone</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator measures the thickness of total column ozone in Dobson Units observed above Lauder, Otago. We report minimum, average, and maximum annual total column ozone for each year from 1979 to 2019. We also report minimum, average, and maximum daily average column ozone by day of year from 1979 to 2019.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Extreme wind, 1972 - 2019, trendtag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050492020-10-14T21:41:29.403196+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105049-extreme-wind-1972-2019-trend/" title="Details for Extreme wind, 1972 - 2019, trend"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105049/338839/small.png" alt="Extreme wind, 1972 - 2019, trend thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Extreme wind indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/extreme-wind">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/extreme-wind</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator measures the strength of extreme wind and how often extreme wind events (measured as a gust that is extreme for that location) happen at 30 sites across New Zealand from 1972 to 2019, although not all sites start at 1972. We report windiness using the annual average of the daily maximum wind gust. We report wind strength using the annual maximum wind gust. We use the number of days per year with a maximum wind gust in the 99th percentile to report how often extreme wind events occur for a location (on average, the 99th percentile daily maximum wind gust will be exceeded on 3.6 days per year). We also present trends for all three of these measures.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Extreme wind, 1972 - 2019, statetag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050482020-10-14T21:41:47.934266+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105048-extreme-wind-1972-2019-state/" title="Details for Extreme wind, 1972 - 2019, state"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105048/338838/small.png" alt="Extreme wind, 1972 - 2019, state thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Extreme wind indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/extreme-wind">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/extreme-wind</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator measures the strength of extreme wind and how often extreme wind events (measured as a gust that is extreme for that location) happen at 30 sites across New Zealand from 1972 to 2019, although not all sites start at 1972. We report windiness using the annual average of the daily maximum wind gust. We report wind strength using the annual maximum wind gust. We use the number of days per year with a maximum wind gust in the 99th percentile to report how often extreme wind events occur for a location (on average, the 99th percentile daily maximum wind gust will be exceeded on 3.6 days per year). </p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Wildfire risk, 1997 - 2019, trendtag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050472020-10-14T21:42:14.538037+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105047-wildfire-risk-1997-2019-trend/" title="Details for Wildfire risk, 1997 - 2019, trend"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105047/338837/small.png" alt="Wildfire risk, 1997 - 2019, trend thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/fire-risk-assessment-measure-quantify-fire-risk-new-zealand">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a> and <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Wildfire indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/wildfire-risk">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/wildfire-risk</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator measures fire danger using the New Zealand Fire Danger Rating at 30 sites around New Zealand from 1997 to 2019, although not all sites start at 1997. We report on the number of days per year with ‘very high and extreme’ (VH+E) fire danger for each of these sites, and trends over time.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
Wildfire risk, 1997 - 2019, statetag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2020-10:layers:1050462020-10-14T21:42:33.014990+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/105046-wildfire-risk-1997-2019-state/" title="Details for Wildfire risk, 1997 - 2019, state"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/105046/338836/small.png" alt="Wildfire risk, 1997 - 2019, state thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>DATA SOURCE: National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)<br>
[Technical report available at <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/fire-risk-assessment-measure-quantify-fire-risk-new-zealand">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a> and <a href="https://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/ministry-environment-atmosphere-and-climate-report-2020-updated">www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporti...</a>]</p>
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Statistics New Zealand to provide for environmental reporting transparency</p>
<p>Dataset used to develop the "Wildfire indicator [available at <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/wildfire-risk">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/wildfire-risk</a>]</p>
<p>This indicator measures fire danger using the New Zealand Fire Danger Rating at 30 sites around New Zealand from 1997 to 2019, although not all sites start at 1997. We report on the number of days per year with ‘very high and extreme’ (VH+E) fire danger for each of these sites.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2020<br />
New Zealand’s greenhouse gas emissions 1990–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-04:layers:998652019-04-15T22:27:14.514481+00:002019-04-15T22:26:18.143782+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/99865-new-zealands-greenhouse-gas-emissions-19902016/" title="Details for New Zealand’s greenhouse gas emissions 1990–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/99865/314936/small.png" alt="New Zealand’s greenhouse gas emissions 1990–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 15 Apr 2019</strong><br />
<p>We measure gases that are added to the atmosphere through human activities. This does not include natural sources such as biological processes or volcanic emissions. </p>
<p>We report greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) units, which is a measure for how much global warming a given type and amount of greenhouse gas causes, using the equivalent amount of carbon dioxide as the reference. CO2-e is used for describing different greenhouse gases in a common unit, which allows them to be reported consistently. </p>
<p>Data may not include the latest emissions data, which can be found on the Ministry for the Environment’s website. </p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 15 Apr 2019<br />
Updated: 15 Apr 2019<br />
New Zealand’s greenhouse gas emissions by sector and gas 2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-04:layers:998742019-04-16T01:53:09.689132+00:002019-04-16T01:52:12.372261+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/99874-new-zealands-greenhouse-gas-emissions-by-sector-and-gas-2016/" title="Details for New Zealand’s greenhouse gas emissions by sector and gas 2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/99874/314950/small.png" alt="New Zealand’s greenhouse gas emissions by sector and gas 2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 16 Apr 2019</strong><br />
<p>We measure gases that are added to the atmosphere through human activities. This does not include natural sources such as biological processes or volcanic emissions. </p>
<p>We report greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) units, which is a measure for how much global warming a given type and amount of greenhouse gas causes, using the equivalent amount of carbon dioxide as the reference. CO2-e is used for describing different greenhouse gases in a common unit, which allows them to be reported consistently. </p>
<p>Data may not include the latest emissions data, which can be found on the Ministry for the Environment’s website. </p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Apr 2019<br />
Updated: 16 Apr 2019<br />
Water physical stocks by region (1995–2014)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2015-10:layers:525782015-10-01T21:45:49.224702+00:002015-10-01T21:45:04.505073+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/52578-water-physical-stocks-by-region-19952014/" title="Details for Water physical stocks by region (1995–2014)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/52578/147309/small.png" alt="Water physical stocks by region (1995–2014) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 01 Oct 2015</strong><br />
<p>New Zealand is a water-rich country. Water is found in a network of waterways and lakes, as ground water, in glaciers, and in the soil and plants. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns affect our water stocks, for example leading to low flows or floods. Water physical stocks show how climate changes can impact on our environment, its ecosystems, and ultimately our lifestyles.<br>
Further information can be found in:<br>
Collins, D, Zammit, C, Willsman, A & Henderson, R (2015) Surface water components of New Zealand’s National WaterAccounts, 1995-2014. Prepared for Ministry for the Environment May 2015. Available at <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Tebsax">data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Tebsax</a> on the Ministry for the Environment dataservice (<a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/">data.mfe.govt.nz/</a>).<br>
This dataset relates to the "Water physical stocks: precipitation and evapotranspiration" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Updated: 01 Oct 2015<br />
Water physical stocks for selected measures (1995–2014)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2015-10:layers:525962015-10-15T05:02:59.041059+00:002015-10-15T05:02:13.506539+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/52596-water-physical-stocks-for-selected-measures-19952014/" title="Details for Water physical stocks for selected measures (1995–2014)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/52596/147665/small.png" alt="Water physical stocks for selected measures (1995–2014) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 15 Oct 2015</strong><br />
<p>New Zealand is a water-rich country. Water is found in a network of waterways and lakes, as ground water, in glaciers, and in the soil and plants. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns affect our water stocks, for example leading to low flows or floods. Water physical stocks show how climate changes can impact on our environment, its ecosystems, and ultimately our lifestyles.<br>
Further information can be found in:<br>
Collins, D, Zammit, C, Willsman, A & Henderson, R (2015) Surface water components of New Zealand’s National WaterAccounts, 1995-2014. Prepared for Ministry for the Environment May 2015. Available at <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Tebsax">data.mfe.govt.nz/x/Tebsax</a> on the Ministry for the Environment dataservice (<a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/">data.mfe.govt.nz/</a>).<br>
This dataset relates to the "Water physical stocks: precipitation and evapotranspiration" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website.<br>
Variables: Abstraction for Hydrogeneration, Change in Ice, Change in Lakes, Change in Snow, Change in Soil Moisture, Discharge by Hydrogeneration, Evapotranspiration, Inflow from other regions, Outflow to other regions, Outflow to sea, Precipitation, Total.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 15 Oct 2015<br />
Updated: 15 Oct 2015<br />
Extreme wind, 1972–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894252017-10-12T23:53:53.095477+00:002017-10-12T23:53:07.334256+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89425-extreme-wind-19722016/" title="Details for Extreme wind, 1972–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89425/285664/small.png" alt="Extreme wind, 1972–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Extreme wind annual statistics for 30 regionally representative sites. The number of days with a maximum gust in the 99th percentile provides information on the frequency of extreme wind events. Percentiles are obtained from all available daily maximum wind gust data. On average, the 99th percentile daily maximum wind gust will be exceeded on approximately 3.6 days per year. Therefore, annual counts higher than this indicate more days than usual with very strong wind gusts recorded; annual counts lower than 3.6 indicate fewer strong wind gust days than usual. By using a percentile threshold we can identify events that are extreme for a particular location. Some places are naturally subject to stronger winds than others, so vegetation can become ‘wind-hardened’ and may have a higher tolerance to high wind gusts (eg a 100 km/hr wind gust may be damaging at one location, but not at another). Using a relative threshold accounts for these differences and better captures extreme wind gust occurrences. The highest maximum gust per year and the average annual highest maximum wind gust both provide information on the magnitude of extreme wind events.<br>
Steady wind can be an important resource, but strong gusts can damage property, topple trees, and disrupt transportation, communications, and electricity. Extreme wind events can occur with frontal weather systems, around strong convective storms such as thunderstorms, and with ex-tropical cyclones. Projections indicate climate change may alter the occurrence of extreme wind events, with the strength of extreme winds expected to increase over the southern half of the North Island and the South Island, especially east of the Southern Alps, and decrease from Northland to Bay of Plenty. Monitoring can help us gauge the potential of, and prepare for, such events.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Trends in peak UV index value, 1981–2017tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894692017-10-14T05:27:16.587509+00:002017-10-14T05:14:29.663859+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89469-trends-in-peak-uv-index-value-19812017/" title="Details for Trends in peak UV index value, 1981–2017"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89469/285838/small.png" alt="Trends in peak UV index value, 1981–2017 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Trends in daily peak UV index values at Invercargill, Lauder (Otago region), Christchurch, Paraparaumu (Wellington region), and Leigh (Auckland region). The strength of UV light is expressed as a solar UV index, starting from 0 (no UV) to 11+ (extreme).<br>
Exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) light helps our bodies make vitamin D, which we need for healthy bones and muscles. However, too much exposure to UV light can cause skin cancer. New Zealand has naturally high UV levels, and monitoring UV levels helps us understand the occurrence of skin cancer.<br>
Ozone in the upper atmosphere absorbs some of the sun’s UV light, protecting us from harmful levels. The amount of UV radiation reaching the ground varies in relation to changes in the atmospheric ozone concentrations. The Antarctic ozone hole lies well to the south of New Zealand and does not have a large effect on New Zealand’s ozone concentrations.<br>
The trend was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Monthly average peak UV index value, 1981–2017tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894672017-10-14T05:27:10.961026+00:002017-10-14T05:13:16.082283+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89467-monthly-average-peak-uv-index-value-19812017/" title="Details for Monthly average peak UV index value, 1981–2017"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89467/285836/small.png" alt="Monthly average peak UV index value, 1981–2017 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Monthly average peak UV index values at Invercargill, Lauder (Otago region), Christchurch, Paraparaumu (Wellington region), and Leigh (Auckland region). The strength of UV light is expressed as a solar UV index, starting from 0 (no UV) to 11+ (extreme).<br>
Exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) light helps our bodies make vitamin D, which we need for healthy bones and muscles. However, too much exposure to UV light can cause skin cancer. New Zealand has naturally high UV levels, and monitoring UV levels helps us understand the occurrence of skin cancer.<br>
Ozone in the upper atmosphere absorbs some of the sun’s UV light, protecting us from harmful levels. The amount of UV radiation reaching the ground varies in relation to changes in the atmospheric ozone concentrations. The Antarctic ozone hole lies well to the south of New Zealand and does not have a large effect on New Zealand’s ozone concentrations.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Trends in total sunshine hours, 1972–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894442017-10-13T00:45:56.162581+00:002017-10-13T00:44:42.014154+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89444-trends-in-total-sunshine-hours-19722016/" title="Details for Trends in total sunshine hours, 1972–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89444/285684/small.png" alt="Trends in total sunshine hours, 1972–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 13 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Trends in total sunshine hours, 1972–2016.<br>
Sunshine is essential for our mental and physical well–being and plant growth. It is also important for tourism and recreation.<br>
Trend direction was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Total Sunshine Hours, 1972–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894452017-10-13T00:46:23.696140+00:002017-10-13T00:45:25.514000+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89445-total-sunshine-hours-19722016/" title="Details for Total Sunshine Hours, 1972–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89445/285685/small.png" alt="Total Sunshine Hours, 1972–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 13 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Interpolated total sunshine hours values at 30 regionally representative sites.<br>
Sunshine is essential for our mental and physical well-being and plant growth. It is also important for tourism and recreation.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Daily peak UV index value, 1981–2017tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894682017-10-14T05:27:16.765383+00:002017-10-14T05:13:28.901942+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89468-daily-peak-uv-index-value-19812017/" title="Details for Daily peak UV index value, 1981–2017"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89468/285837/small.png" alt="Daily peak UV index value, 1981–2017 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Daily peak UV index values at Invercargill, Lauder (Otago region), Christchurch, Paraparaumu (Wellington region), and Leigh (Auckland region). The strength of UV light is expressed as a solar UV index, starting from 0 (no UV) to 11+ (extreme).<br>
Exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) light helps our bodies make vitamin D, which we need for healthy bones and muscles. However, too much exposure to UV light can cause skin cancer. New Zealand has naturally high UV levels, and monitoring UV levels helps us understand the occurrence of skin cancer.<br>
Ozone in the upper atmosphere absorbs some of the sun’s UV light, protecting us from harmful levels. The amount of UV radiation reaching the ground varies in relation to changes in the atmospheric ozone concentrations. The Antarctic ozone hole lies well to the south of New Zealand and does not have a large effect on New Zealand’s ozone concentrations.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Trends in annual maximum one–day rainfall (rx1day), 1960–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894332017-10-13T00:29:11.588676+00:002017-10-13T00:28:24.478477+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89433-trends-in-annual-maximum-oneday-rainfall-rx1day-19602016/" title="Details for Trends in annual maximum one–day rainfall (rx1day), 1960–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89433/285673/small.png" alt="Trends in annual maximum one–day rainfall (rx1day), 1960–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 13 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Trends in annual maximum one-day rainfall (rx1day), 1960–2016.<br>
Intense rainfall can result in flash floods or land slips that damage homes and property, disrupt transportation, and endanger lives. It can also interfere with recreation and increase erosion. Changes to the frequency of intense rainfall events can alter biodiversity.<br>
Trend direction was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Southern Annular Mode trend assessment, 1860–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:893852017-10-12T21:10:40.487413+00:002017-10-12T21:09:40.567685+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89385-southern-annular-mode-trend-assessment-18602016/" title="Details for Southern Annular Mode trend assessment, 1860–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89385/285624/small.png" alt="Southern Annular Mode trend assessment, 1860–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>A consistent band of westerly wind flows across the Southern Hemisphere and circles the South Pole. The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) describes how this band moves, either north towards the equator (negative phase) or south towards Antarctica (positive phase). A negative phase typically causes increased westerlies, unsettled weather, and storms in New Zealand. A phase can last several weeks, but changes can be rapid and unpredictable.<br>
The SAM is one of three climate oscillations that affect our weather. The resulting changes in air pressure, sea temperature, and wind direction can last for weeks to decades, depending on the oscillation.<br>
Trend direction was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Southern Annular Mode monthly values, January 1979–December 2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:893842017-10-12T21:10:18.131877+00:002017-10-12T21:09:27.146991+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89384-southern-annular-mode-monthly-values-january-1979december-2016/" title="Details for Southern Annular Mode monthly values, January 1979–December 2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89384/285623/small.png" alt="Southern Annular Mode monthly values, January 1979–December 2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>A consistent band of westerly wind flows across the Southern Hemisphere and circles the South Pole. The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) describes how this band moves, either north towards the equator (negative phase) or south towards Antarctica (positive phase). A negative phase typically causes increased westerlies, unsettled weather, and storms in New Zealand. A phase can last several weeks, but changes can be rapid and unpredictable.<br>
The SAM is one of three climate oscillations that affect our weather. The resulting changes in air pressure, sea temperature, and wind direction can last for weeks to decades, depending on the oscillation.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Southern Annular Mode annual values, 1887–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:893832017-10-12T21:10:15.460004+00:002017-10-12T21:09:14.028781+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89383-southern-annular-mode-annual-values-18872016/" title="Details for Southern Annular Mode annual values, 1887–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89383/285622/small.png" alt="Southern Annular Mode annual values, 1887–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>A consistent band of westerly wind flows across the Southern Hemisphere and circles the South Pole. The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) describes how this band moves, either north towards the equator (negative phase) or south towards Antarctica (positive phase). A negative phase typically causes increased westerlies, unsettled weather, and storms in New Zealand. A phase can last several weeks, but changes can be rapid and unpredictable.<br>
The SAM is one of three climate oscillations that affect our weather. The resulting changes in air pressure, sea temperature, and wind direction can last for weeks to decades, depending on the oscillation.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Trends in PED, 1972/3–2015/6tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894382017-10-13T00:36:47.796612+00:002017-10-13T00:35:50.905064+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89438-trends-in-ped-1972-32015-6/" title="Details for Trends in PED, 1972/3–2015/6"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89438/285678/small.png" alt="Trends in PED, 1972/3–2015/6 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 13 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Trends in potential evapostranspiration deficit (PED), 1972–2016.<br>
Soil moisture is vital for plant growth. When plants cannot access the water they need, growth is reduced, affecting crops and food for livestock, and native biodiversity. Over a sustained period, a drought can have significant social and economic costs, particularly for rural communities.<br>
Potential evapotranspiration deficit (PED) can be thought of as a drought index. It is the difference between how much water could potentially be lost from the soil through evapotranspiration and how much is actually available. When PED is high, plants do not have the full amount of water available they need for growth. PED is measured in growing seasons (the 12 months from 1 July to 30 June of the following year. Data covers each of the growing seasons from 1 July 1972, with the last growing season in the series ending on 30 June 2016.<br>
Trend direction was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Potential evapotranspiration deficit (PED), 1972–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894372017-10-13T00:35:58.803473+00:002017-10-13T00:35:10.282108+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89437-potential-evapotranspiration-deficit-ped-19722016/" title="Details for Potential evapotranspiration deficit (PED), 1972–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89437/285677/small.png" alt="Potential evapotranspiration deficit (PED), 1972–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 13 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Interpolated PED values at 30 regionally representative sites.<br>
Soil moisture is vital for plant growth. When plants cannot access the water they need, growth is reduced, affecting crops and food for livestock, and native biodiversity. Over a sustained period, a drought can have significant social and economic costs, particularly for rural communities.<br>
Potential evapotranspiration deficit (PED) can be thought of as a drought index. It is the difference between how much water could potentially be lost from the soil through evapotranspiration and how much is actually available. When PED is high, plants do not have the full amount of water available they need for growth. PED is measured in growing seasons (the 12 months from 1 July to 30 June of the following year. Data covers each of the growing seasons from 1 July 1972, with the last growing season in the series ending on 30 June 2016. More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Trends in percent of annual rainfall in the 95th percentile (r95ptot), 1960–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894342017-10-13T00:30:05.732861+00:002017-10-13T00:29:15.272464+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89434-trends-in-percent-of-annual-rainfall-in-the-95th-percentile-r95ptot-19602016/" title="Details for Trends in percent of annual rainfall in the 95th percentile (r95ptot), 1960–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89434/285674/small.png" alt="Trends in percent of annual rainfall in the 95th percentile (r95ptot), 1960–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 13 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Trends in percent of annual rainfall in the 95th percentile (r95ptot), 1960–2016.<br>
Intense rainfall can result in flash floods or land slips that damage homes and property, disrupt transportation, and endanger lives. It can also interfere with recreation and increase erosion. Changes to the frequency of intense rainfall events can alter biodiversity.<br>
Trend direction was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Rainfall Intensity, 1960–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894352017-10-13T00:31:41.656274+00:002017-10-13T00:30:29.227600+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89435-rainfall-intensity-19602016/" title="Details for Rainfall Intensity, 1960–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89435/285675/small.png" alt="Rainfall Intensity, 1960–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 13 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Two measures of rainfall intensity - percent of annual precipitation in the 95th percentile (r95ptot) and annual maximum one-day rainfall (rx1day).<br>
Intense rainfall can result in flash floods or land slips that damage homes and property, disrupt transportation, and endanger lives. It can also interfere with recreation and increase erosion. Changes to the frequency of intense rainfall events can alter biodiversity.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Ozone hole, 1979–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894662017-10-14T01:45:33.136059+00:002017-10-14T00:48:11.576337+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89466-ozone-hole-19792016/" title="Details for Ozone hole, 1979–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89466/285835/small.png" alt="Ozone hole, 1979–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Ozone is a gas that forms a naturally occurring layer in the upper atmosphere (stratosphere), protecting Earth from the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) light. The ozone hole is an area of reduced stratospheric ozone. It forms in spring over Antarctica because of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) produced from human activities. The ozone hole has started to shrink due to the phase-out of ODSs, and it is possible that it will cease to form by the middle of this century.<br>
The ozone hole does not have a large effect on the concentration of ozone over New Zealand. However, when the ozone hole breaks up in spring, it can send ‘plumes’ of ozone-depleted air over New Zealand. Reporting on the state of the ozone hole helps us understand the state of ozone concentrations globally.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Oceanic sea surface temperature, 1993–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894062017-10-12T22:15:40.654244+00:002017-10-12T22:14:27.866146+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89406-oceanic-sea-surface-temperature-19932016/" title="Details for Oceanic sea surface temperature, 1993–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89406/285645/small.png" alt="Oceanic sea surface temperature, 1993–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>We used NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive, which is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately six-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom & Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data.<br>
Our data extends from about 30°S to 55°S, and from 160°E to 170°W and is grouped into five areas: the exclusive economic zone (EEZ), the Chatham Rise, northern subtropical waters, subantarctic waters, and the Tasman Sea.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Oceanic sea surface temperature trends, 1993–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894072017-10-12T22:15:43.752734+00:002017-10-12T22:14:38.632278+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89407-oceanic-sea-surface-temperature-trends-19932016/" title="Details for Oceanic sea surface temperature trends, 1993–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89407/285646/small.png" alt="Oceanic sea surface temperature trends, 1993–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>We used NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive, which is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately six-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom & Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data.<br>
Our data extends from about 30°S to 55°S, and from 160°E to 170°W and is grouped into five areas: the exclusive economic zone (EEZ), the Chatham Rise, northern subtropical waters, subantarctic waters, and the Tasman Sea.<br>
Trend direction was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 12 Oct 2017<br />
Lightning strikes, 2001–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894702017-10-16T02:35:16.388283+00:002017-10-16T02:31:23.831926+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89470-lightning-strikes-20012016/" title="Details for Lightning strikes, 2001–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89470/285877/small.png" alt="Lightning strikes, 2001–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 16 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Lightning is the discharge of electricity from thunderstorms and can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the ground. By international standards, lightning does not occur frequently around New Zealand. However, ground strikes can injure or kill people and livestock, damage property and infrastructure, and, although rarely in New Zealand, spark forest fires. Thunderstorms are often associated with other severe weather events, such as strong wind gusts and hail. Thunderstorms may increase in frequency and intensity with climate change.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 16 Oct 2017<br />
Lightning Trends, 2001–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894272017-10-13T00:16:18.151395+00:002017-10-13T00:15:26.681445+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89427-lightning-trends-20012016/" title="Details for Lightning Trends, 2001–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89427/285667/small.png" alt="Lightning Trends, 2001–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 13 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Lightning is the discharge of electricity from thunderstorms and can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the ground. By international standards, lightning does not occur frequently around New Zealand. However, ground strikes can injure or kill people and livestock, damage property and infrastructure, and, although rarely in New Zealand, spark forest fires. Thunderstorms are often associated with other severe weather events, such as strong wind gusts and hail. Thunderstorms may increase in frequency and intensity with climate change.<br>
Trend direction was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Growing degree days trend assessment, by site, 1972/3–2015/6tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894812017-10-18T09:46:47.533243+00:002017-10-18T03:32:01.589799+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89481-growing-degree-days-trend-assessment-by-site-1972-32015-6/" title="Details for Growing degree days trend assessment, by site, 1972/3–2015/6"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89481/285888/small.png" alt="Growing degree days trend assessment, by site, 1972/3–2015/6 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 18 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>Growing degree days (GDD) measures the amount of warmth available for plant and insect growth and can be used to predict when flowers will bloom and crops and insects will mature. GDD counts the total number of degrees Celsius each day is above a threshold temperature. In this report we used 10 degrees Celsius. Increased GDD means that plants and insects reach maturity faster, provided that other conditions necessary for growth are favourable, such as sufficient moisture and nutrients. As a measure of temperature, GDD experiences short-term changes in response to climate variations, such as El Niño, and in the longer-term is affected by our warming climate.<br>
Growing degree days (GDD) counts the number of days that are warmer than a threshold temperature (Tbase) in a year. GDD is calculated by subtracting the Tbase from the average daily temperature (maximum plus minimum temperature divided by two). If the average daily temperature is less than Tbase the GDD for that day is assigned a value of zero.<br>
This dataset gives the trend in GDD over growing seasons (July 1 – June 30 of the following year) for 30 sites.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 18 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 18 Oct 2017<br />
Melanoma registration rates, by age, 1996–2015tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894822017-10-18T09:47:12.082600+00:002017-10-18T03:32:40.912488+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89482-melanoma-registration-rates-by-age-19962015/" title="Details for Melanoma registration rates, by age, 1996–2015"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89482/285889/small.png" alt="Melanoma registration rates, by age, 1996–2015 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 18 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>This csv reports melanoma registration rates, per 100,000 population, by age. Age is grouped in 5 year segments (eg 0–4 years old, 5–9 years old).<br>
New Zealand and Australia have the world’s highest rates of melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer. Melanoma is mainly caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, usually from the sun. New Zealand has naturally high UV levels, especially during summer.<br>
The risk of developing melanoma is affected by factors such as skin colour and type, family history, and the amount of sun exposure. Melanoma can affect people at any age, but the chance of developing a melanoma increases with age. We report on age-standardised rates of melanoma to account for the increasing proportion of older people in our population.<br>
Our data on melanoma registrations come from the New Zealand Cancer Registry and the Ministry of Health's Mortality Collection. The passing of the Cancer Registry Act 1993 and Cancer Registry Regulations 1994 led to significant improvements in data quality and coverage (Ministry of Health, 2013). A sharp increase in registrations after 1993 is likely to have been related to these legislative and regulatory changes; for this reason we have only analysed data from 1996.<br>
2014–15 data are provisional and subject to change.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 18 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 18 Oct 2017<br />
Trends in ozone concentrations, 1978–2017tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894652017-10-14T01:45:30.496072+00:002017-10-14T00:47:53.148620+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89465-trends-in-ozone-concentrations-19782017/" title="Details for Trends in ozone concentrations, 1978–2017"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89465/285834/small.png" alt="Trends in ozone concentrations, 1978–2017 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>NIWA supplied ozone data in two forms, with different starting dates:<br>
- measurements made using a Dobson spectrophotometer (number 72), from 1987<br>
- data assimilated from satellite measurements recalibrated against the global Dobson network, from 1978.<br>
NIWA takes measurements using the Dobson spectrophotometer 72 under clear-sky, direct sunlight conditions at Lauder in Otago. There are gaps in the time series due to days with cloud, rain, or too much wind. However, over the whole period, each individual calendar day of the year was measured. This allows us to calculate statistics based on the day of the year.<br>
The trend was assessed using the Theil-Sen estimator and the Two One-Sided Test (TOST) for equivalence at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Average daily ozone concentrations, 1979–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894642017-10-14T01:43:45.784572+00:002017-10-14T00:47:33.736687+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89464-average-daily-ozone-concentrations-19792016/" title="Details for Average daily ozone concentrations, 1979–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89464/285833/small.png" alt="Average daily ozone concentrations, 1979–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>NIWA supplied ozone data in two forms, with different starting dates:<br>
- measurements made using a Dobson spectrophotometer (number 72), from 1987<br>
- data assimilated from satellite measurements recalibrated against the global Dobson network, from 1978.<br>
NIWA takes measurements using the Dobson spectrophotometer 72 under clear-sky, direct sunlight conditions at Lauder in Otago. There are gaps in the time series due to days with cloud, rain, or too much wind. However, over the whole period, each individual calendar day of the year was measured. This allows us to calculate statistics based on the day of the year.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Annual ozone concentrations, 1979–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894632017-10-14T01:35:40.490932+00:002017-10-14T00:47:03.022180+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89463-annual-ozone-concentrations-19792016/" title="Details for Annual ozone concentrations, 1979–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89463/285832/small.png" alt="Annual ozone concentrations, 1979–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>NIWA supplied ozone data in two forms, with different starting dates:<br>
- measurements made using a Dobson spectrophotometer (number 72), from 1987<br>
- data assimilated from satellite measurements recalibrated against the global Dobson network, from 1978.<br>
NIWA takes measurements using the Dobson spectrophotometer 72 under clear-sky, direct sunlight conditions at Lauder in Otago. There are gaps in the time series due to days with cloud, rain, or too much wind. However, over the whole period, each individual calendar day of the year was measured. This allows us to calculate statistics based on the day of the year.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Trends in global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894552017-10-14T01:13:24.324330+00:002017-10-14T00:40:09.480469+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89455-trends-in-global-and-new-zealand-temperature-anomalies-19092016/" title="Details for Trends in global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89455/285824/small.png" alt="Trends in global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>This dataset contains trends in temperatures anomalies from NIWA's 'seven-station' temperature series and three global temperature series.<br>
Trends were assessed using linear regression at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894522017-10-14T01:13:36.054778+00:002017-10-14T00:39:23.599280+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89452-global-and-new-zealand-temperature-anomalies-19092016/" title="Details for Global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89452/285821/small.png" alt="Global and New Zealand temperature anomalies, 1909–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>This dataset compares temperatures anomalies from NIWA's 'seven-station' temperature series with three global temperature series.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our Environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
New Zealand's national temperature, 1909–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894532017-10-14T01:13:38.444096+00:002017-10-14T00:39:40.165667+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89453-new-zealands-national-temperature-19092016/" title="Details for New Zealand's national temperature, 1909–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89453/285822/small.png" alt="New Zealand's national temperature, 1909–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>This dataset relates to NIWA's 'seven-station' temperature series uses temperature measurements from seven 'climate stations'.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
New Zealand greenhouse gas emissions summary data, 1990–2015tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894292017-10-13T00:20:40.407128+00:002017-10-13T00:19:25.256570+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89429-new-zealand-greenhouse-gas-emissions-summary-data-19902015/" title="Details for New Zealand greenhouse gas emissions summary data, 1990–2015"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89429/285669/small.png" alt="New Zealand greenhouse gas emissions summary data, 1990–2015 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 13 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>New Zealand greenhouse gas emissions source and sink summary data by sector and gas for 1990-2015. Data are sourced from the 1990-2015 New Zealand Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) absorb heat from Earth’s surface, warming the atmosphere and changing our climate. New Zealand’s share of GHG emissions is very small, but our gross emissions per person are high. Emissions mainly come from combustion of fossil fuels that emit carbon dioxide (CO2), and agriculture which emits methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Carbon dioxide remains in the atmosphere much longer than other major GHGs. Because of this, today’s global CO2 emissions will continue to influence atmospheric CO2 concentrations for a very long time. Methane and N2O trap heat better than CO2 but leave the atmosphere faster.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 13 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 13 Oct 2017<br />