MfE Data Service :: tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2008-10:feed:layers:mapstream=84379:category=301157:sort=rMinistry for the Environmenthttps://data.mfe.govt.nz//Frost days, trends,1972-2022tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2023-12:layers:1153722023-12-07T04:00:14.161194+00:002023-12-07T03:58:35.534358+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/115372-frost-days-trends1972-2022/" title="Details for Frost days, trends,1972-2022"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=115372.395071,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Frost days, trends,1972-2022 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 07 Dec 2023</strong><br />
<p>This indicator report trends in the number of frost days for 30 sites across Aotearoa New Zealand from 1972 to 2022. The number of frost days changes from year to year in response to variable weather patterns, and their occurrence is also influenced by climate change. Climate models project we may experience fewer cold and more warm extremes in the future. Changes in the number and timing of frost days can affect agriculture, horticulture, and viticulture, for example, by damaging and destroying crops at sensitive growth stages.</p>
<p>Variables:<br>
site: site the NIWA climate stations represent.<br>
period_start, period end: the period the trend represents.<br>
p_value: probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the result actually observed.<br>
slope: Sen slope statistic to describe rate of change.<br>
conf Low, conf Highl: 90% confidence intervals of the slope statistic (low and high).<br>
conf_level: specified confidence level of the estimate.<br>
z: Z score.<br>
trend_method: Statistical method.<br>
n: number of data points included in trend calculation.<br>
note: note<br>
s, var_s, tau: Mann-Kendall test statistics.<br>
alternative: the alternative hypothesis used for the Mann-Kendall test<br>
trend likelihood: likelihood of trend direction adapted from IPCC criteria.<br>
lat: approx. lattitude location of NIWA climate stations to represent a site.<br>
lon: approx. longitude location of NIWA climate stations to represent a site.<br>
region: region of the site the NIWA climate stations represent.<br>
pretty_site_name: site the NIWA climate stations represent.<br>
region_simple: region of the site the NIWA climate stations represent.<br>
site_simple: site the NIWA climate stations represent.</p>
<p>References:<br>
Hutchinson, G. K., Richards, K., & Risk, W. H. (2000). Aspects of accumulated heat patterns (growing-degree days) and pasture growth in Southland. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association, 62, 81–85. <a href="https://doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2000.62.2396">doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2000.62.2396</a></p>
<p>Macara, G., Nichol, D., Liley, B., & Noll, B. (2023). Ministry for the Environment Atmosphere and Climate Report 2023: Updated Datasets supplied by NIWA (NIWA Client Report No. 2023072WN). <a href="https://environment.govt.nz/publications/atmosphere-and-climate-indicators-2023-updated-datasets">environment.govt.nz/publications/atmosphere-and-cl...</a></p>
<p>Macara, G., & Tait, A. (2015). Infilling of missing climate data: temperature, rainfall and wind (NIWA Client Report No. WLG2015-33). <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/document/21253-macara-g-tait-a-2015-infilling-of-missing-climate-data-for-the-2015-environmental-synthesis-report-temperature-rainfall-and-wind/">data.mfe.govt.nz/document/21253-macara-g-tait-a-20...</a></p>
<p>Mastrandrea, M. D., Field, C. B., Stocker, T. F., Edenhofer, O., Ebi, K. L., Frame, D. J., Held, H., Kriegler, E., Mach, K. J., Matschoss, P. R., Plattner, G.-K., Yohe, G. W., & Zwiers, F. W. (2010). Guidance Note for Lead Authors of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report on Consistent Treatment of Uncertainties. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/05/uncertainty-guidance-note.pdf">www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/05/uncertaint...</a></p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 07 Dec 2023<br />
Updated: 07 Dec 2023<br />
Growing Degree Days, state, 1972 - 2022tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2023-12:layers:1153792023-12-07T21:34:53.288397+00:002023-12-07T21:21:50.632730+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/115379-growing-degree-days-state-1972-2022/" title="Details for Growing Degree Days, state, 1972 - 2022"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=115379.395081,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Growing Degree Days, state, 1972 - 2022 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 07 Dec 2023</strong><br />
<p>This dataset measures growing degree days (GDD) at 30 sites across Aotearoa New Zealand from at least 1972 to 2022. We report counts of average annual growing degree days for each site from 2013 to 2022.. </p>
<p>Variables:<br>
sIte: Site the NIWA climate stations represent.<br>
year: Given year the total growing degrees are calculated for.<br>
base_temperature:The base temperature to calculate the total GDD. Threshold is in degrees Celsius .<br>
gowirng_degrees: The total number of degrees Celsius above a base threshold temperature for each year.<br>
Units:Units applicable for both growing degrees and the base temperature (degrees Celsius).<br>
Lat:Approximate latitude of site location.<br>
Lon: Approximate longitude of site location.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 07 Dec 2023<br />
Updated: 07 Dec 2023<br />
Frost days, state,1972-2022tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2023-12:layers:1153712023-12-07T03:57:51.849510+00:002023-12-07T03:55:26.255910+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/115371-frost-days-state1972-2022/" title="Details for Frost days, state,1972-2022"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=115371.395070,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Frost days, state,1972-2022 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 07 Dec 2023</strong><br />
<p>This indicator measures the number of frost days for 30 sites across Aotearoa New Zealand from at least 1972 to 2022. </p>
<p>The number of frost days changes from year to year in response to variable weather patterns, and their occurrence is also influenced by climate change. Climate models project we may experience fewer cold and more warm extremes in the future. Changes in the number and timing of frost days can affect agriculture, horticulture, and viticulture, for example, by damaging and destroying crops at sensitive growth stages.</p>
<p>Variables:<br>
site: Site the NIWA climate stations represent.<br>
year: Given year the number of frost days are calculated for.<br>
Frost days: Total number of frost days are year as defined when the air temperature is below zero at 1.2m off the ground.<br>
first_frost: The first day are recorded in a given year.<br>
last_frost: The last days are recorded in a given year.<br>
lat: Approximate latitude of site location.<br>
lon: Approximate longitude of site location.<br>
site_simple: Site the NIWA climate stations represent.</p>
<p>References:<br>
Hutchinson, G. K., Richards, K., & Risk, W. H. (2000). Aspects of accumulated heat patterns (growing-degree days) and pasture growth in Southland. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association, 62, 81–85. <a href="https://doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2000.62.2396">doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2000.62.2396</a></p>
<p>Macara, G., Nichol, D., Liley, B., & Noll, B. (2023). Ministry for the Environment Atmosphere and Climate Report 2023: Updated Datasets supplied by NIWA (NIWA Client Report No. 2023072WN). <a href="https://environment.govt.nz/publications/atmosphere-and-climate-indicators-2023-updated-datasets">environment.govt.nz/publications/atmosphere-and-cl...</a></p>
<p>Macara, G., & Tait, A. (2015). Infilling of missing climate data: temperature, rainfall and wind (NIWA Client Report No. WLG2015-33). <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/document/21253-macara-g-tait-a-2015-infilling-of-missing-climate-data-for-the-2015-environmental-synthesis-report-temperature-rainfall-and-wind/">data.mfe.govt.nz/document/21253-macara-g-tait-a-20...</a></p>
<p>Mastrandrea, M. D., Field, C. B., Stocker, T. F., Edenhofer, O., Ebi, K. L., Frame, D. J., Held, H., Kriegler, E., Mach, K. J., Matschoss, P. R., Plattner, G.-K., Yohe, G. W., & Zwiers, F. W. (2010). Guidance Note for Lead Authors of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report on Consistent Treatment of Uncertainties. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/05/uncertainty-guidance-note.pdf">www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/05/uncertaint...</a></p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 07 Dec 2023<br />
Updated: 07 Dec 2023<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2013tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530402016-02-11T05:12:35.109814+00:002016-02-11T04:00:23.723730+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53040-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2013/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2013"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53040.151722,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2013 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2013 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2012tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530392016-02-11T05:12:23.215146+00:002016-02-11T04:00:23.222887+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53039-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2012/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2012"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53039.151721,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2012 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2012 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2007tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530352016-02-11T05:16:12.036289+00:002016-02-11T04:00:20.944116+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53035-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2007/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2007"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53035.151717,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2007 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2007 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2005tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530332016-02-11T05:12:35.186378+00:002016-02-11T04:00:20.244130+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53033-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2005/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2005"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53033.151715,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2005 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2005 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2004tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530322016-02-11T05:16:12.174391+00:002016-02-11T04:00:18.529918+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53032-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2004/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2004"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53032.151714,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2004 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2004 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2002tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530302016-02-11T05:16:08.257876+00:002016-02-11T04:00:17.413856+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53030-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2002/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2002"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53030.151712,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2002 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2002 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2001tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530292016-02-11T05:16:08.177640+00:002016-02-11T04:00:16.901884+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53029-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2001/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2001"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53029.151711,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2001 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2001 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2010tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531782016-02-15T04:46:44.928787+00:002016-02-15T04:44:08.267808+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53178-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2010/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2010"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53178.152006,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2010 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 15 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>"The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2010 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751."</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 15 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 15 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2011tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531752016-02-12T00:59:21.521205+00:002016-02-12T00:55:22.739086+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53175-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2011/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2011"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53175.151863,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2011 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2011 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2009tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531742016-02-12T00:59:10.340241+00:002016-02-12T00:55:19.438437+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53174-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2009/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2009"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53174.151862,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2009 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2009 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2006tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531722016-02-12T00:58:59.837236+00:002016-02-12T00:55:15.767333+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53172-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2006/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2006"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53172.151860,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2006 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2006 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2008tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531732016-02-12T00:59:04.337980+00:002016-02-12T00:55:18.445787+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53173-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2008/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2008"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53173.151861,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2008 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2008 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2003tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531712016-02-12T00:58:56.849986+00:002016-02-12T00:55:10.599627+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53171-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2003/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2003"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53171.151859,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2003 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2003 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2000tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531702016-02-12T00:58:52.444815+00:002016-02-12T00:55:07.081663+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53170-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-2000/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2000"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53170.151858,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 2000 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 2000 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1999tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531692016-02-12T00:58:48.891031+00:002016-02-12T00:55:03.605704+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53169-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-1999/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1999"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53169.151857,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1999 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 1999 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1998tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531682016-02-12T00:58:41.937622+00:002016-02-12T00:55:02.670702+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53168-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-1998/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1998"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53168.151856,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1998 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 1998 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1996tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531662016-02-12T00:58:34.314283+00:002016-02-12T00:55:00.948031+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53166-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-1996/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1996"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53166.151854,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1996 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 1996 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1997tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531672016-02-12T00:58:44.967407+00:002016-02-12T00:55:01.509700+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53167-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-1997/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1997"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53167.151855,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1997 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 1997 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1995tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531652016-02-12T00:58:38.617560+00:002016-02-12T00:55:00.380594+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53165-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-1995/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1995"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53165.151853,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1995 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 1995 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1994tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531642016-02-12T00:58:15.105499+00:002016-02-12T00:54:59.977753+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53164-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-1994/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1994"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53164.151852,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1994 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 1994 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid </p>
<p>Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1993tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531632016-02-12T00:58:22.536141+00:002016-02-12T00:54:59.427220+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53163-annual-sea-surface-temperature-difference-from-normal-1993/" title="Details for Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1993"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53163.151851,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual sea surface temperature difference from normal, 1993 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 12 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual sea-surface temperature difference from normal for 1993 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. "Normal" is defined as the average sea-surface temperature for 1993–2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: percent </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 12 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2013tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531052016-02-11T05:16:02.447493+00:002016-02-11T04:21:54.148647+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53105-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2013/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2013"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53105.151787,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2013 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2013 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2012tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531042016-02-11T05:16:02.431098+00:002016-02-11T04:21:29.007741+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53104-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2012/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2012"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53104.151786,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2012 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2012 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2011tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531032016-02-11T05:16:02.286598+00:002016-02-11T04:21:03.213410+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53103-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2011/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2011"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53103.151785,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2011 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2011 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2010tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531022016-02-11T05:15:58.158681+00:002016-02-11T04:20:33.231590+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53102-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2010/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2010"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53102.151784,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2010 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2010 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2009tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531012016-02-11T05:15:58.067875+00:002016-02-11T04:19:59.077618+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53101-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2009/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2009"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53101.151783,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2009 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2009 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2008tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:531002016-02-11T05:15:58.099994+00:002016-02-11T04:19:31.900881+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53100-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2008/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2008"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53100.151782,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2008 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2008 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2007tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530992016-02-11T05:15:49.789733+00:002016-02-11T04:18:50.915831+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53099-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2007/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2007"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53099.151781,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2007 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2007 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2006tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530982016-02-11T05:15:44.043360+00:002016-02-11T04:18:19.960848+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53098-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2006/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2006"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53098.151780,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2006 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2006 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2005tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530972016-02-11T05:15:48.712026+00:002016-02-11T04:17:54.595922+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53097-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2005/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2005"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53097.151779,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2005 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2005 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2004tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530542016-02-11T05:13:06.346243+00:002016-02-11T04:16:07.060655+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53054-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2004/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2004"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53054.151736,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2004 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2004 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2003tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530532016-02-11T05:13:06.307376+00:002016-02-11T04:15:02.426361+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53053-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2003/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2003"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53053.151735,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2003 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2003 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2002tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530522016-02-11T05:13:02.348704+00:002016-02-11T04:14:38.582800+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53052-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2002/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2002"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53052.151734,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2002 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2002 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2001tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530512016-02-11T05:13:03.329270+00:002016-02-11T04:14:12.434010+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53051-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2001/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2001"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53051.151733,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2001 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2001 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 2000tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530502016-02-11T05:12:58.254010+00:002016-02-11T04:13:45.261947+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53050-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-2000/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 2000"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53050.151732,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 2000 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 2000 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 1999tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530492016-02-11T05:12:58.189191+00:002016-02-11T04:13:20.298315+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53049-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-1999/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 1999"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53049.151731,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 1999 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 1999 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 1998tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530482016-02-11T05:12:50.604955+00:002016-02-11T04:12:53.011896+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53048-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-1998/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 1998"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53048.151730,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 1998 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 1998 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 1997tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530472016-02-11T05:12:54.415314+00:002016-02-11T04:12:18.094737+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53047-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-1997/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 1997"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53047.151729,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 1997 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 1997 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 1996tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530462016-02-11T05:12:51.087643+00:002016-02-11T04:11:48.759948+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53046-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-1996/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 1996"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53046.151728,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 1996 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 1996 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the ""Annual average sea-surface temperature"" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 1995tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530452016-02-11T05:12:47.308665+00:002016-02-11T04:11:22.594572+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53045-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-1995/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 1995"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53045.151727,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 1995 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 1995 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the Annual average sea-surface temperature indicator. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Average sea–surface temperature, 1993–2012tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:533162016-02-18T19:39:54.143460+00:002016-02-18T19:37:40.277042+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53316-average-seasurface-temperature-19932012/" title="Details for Average sea–surface temperature, 1993–2012"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53316.152147,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Average sea–surface temperature, 1993–2012 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 18 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This grid shows average annual sea-surface temperature for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the "Annual average sea-surface temperature" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Further information can be found in: </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897. </p>
<p>Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 18 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 18 Feb 2016<br />
Annual average sea surface temperature, 1994tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-02:layers:530442016-02-11T05:12:54.361207+00:002016-02-11T04:10:55.773821+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53044-annual-average-sea-surface-temperature-1994/" title="Details for Annual average sea surface temperature, 1994"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53044.151726,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Annual average sea surface temperature, 1994 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 11 Feb 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean waters surrounding New Zealand vary in temperature from north to south. They interact with heat and moisture in the atmosphere and affect our weather. Long-term changes and short-term variability in sea-surface temperatures can affect marine processes, habitats, and species. Some species may find it hard to survive in changing environmental conditions. </p>
<p>This layer shows annual average sea surface temperature for 1994 as part of the data series for years 1993 to 2013. </p>
<p>NIWA’s sea-surface temperature archive is derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data it receives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The archive provides high spatial (approximately 1km) and high temporal (approximately 6-hourly in cloud-free locations) resolution estimates of sea-surface temperatures over the New Zealand region, dating from January 1993. Uddstrom and Oien (1999) and Uddstrom (2003) describe the methods used to derive and validate the data. </p>
<p>This dataset relates to the ""Annual average sea-surface temperature"" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website. </p>
<p>Geometry: grid<br>
Unit: degrees Celsius </p>
<p>Further information can be found in:<br>
Uddstrom, MJ (2003). Lessons from high-resolution satellite SSTs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(7), 896–897.<br>
Uddstrom, MJ, & Oien, NA (1999). On the use of high resolution satellite data to describe the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperatures in the New Zealand region. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 104, chapter 9, 20729–20751.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 11 Feb 2016<br />
Updated: 11 Feb 2016<br />