MfE Data Service :: tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2008-10:feed:data:mapstream=84379:category=301208:sort=rMinistry for the Environmenthttps://data.mfe.govt.nz//Ocean acidification, New Zealand Ocean Acidification Observing Network, state, 2015 - 2021tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2022-08:layers:1101712022-08-18T20:50:27.628524+00:002022-08-18T04:50:09.305814+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/110171-ocean-acidification-new-zealand-ocean-acidification-observing-network-state-2015-2021/" title="Details for Ocean acidification, New Zealand Ocean Acidification Observing Network, state, 2015 - 2021"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/110171/369751/small.png" alt="Ocean acidification, New Zealand Ocean Acidification Observing Network, state, 2015 - 2021 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 18 Aug 2022</strong><br />
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Stats NZ to provide for environmental reporting transparency. Dataset used to develop the "Ocean acidification" indicator (available at <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/ocean-acidification">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/ocean-acidification</a>). </p>
<p>This data set measures the pH at selected coastal sites via the New Zealand Ocean Acidification Observing Network (NZOA-ON) from 2015 to 2021. </p>
<p>Ocean acidification describes the long-term decrease in the pH of our oceans and coastal waters. This indicator measures:</p>
<ul>
<li>pH at selected coastal sites (New Zealand Ocean Acidification Observing Network, NZOA-ON) from 2015 to 2021. </li>
</ul>
<p></p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
<p></p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 18 Aug 2022<br />
Updated: 18 Aug 2022<br />
Ocean acidification, Munida, state 1998 - 2020tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2022-08:layers:1101702022-08-18T20:54:24.401174+00:002022-08-18T04:44:36.422608+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/110170-ocean-acidification-munida-state-1998-2020/" title="Details for Ocean acidification, Munida, state 1998 - 2020"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/110170/369750/small.png" alt="Ocean acidification, Munida, state 1998 - 2020 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 18 Aug 2022</strong><br />
<p>Adapted by Ministry for the Environment and Stats NZ to provide for environmental reporting transparency. Dataset used to develop the "Ocean acidification" indicator (available at <a href="https://www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/ocean-acidification">www.stats.govt.nz/indicators/ocean-acidification</a>). </p>
<p>This data set measures the change in pH in subantarctic surface waters at a station east of Otago from 1998 to 2020.</p>
<p>Ocean acidification describes the long-term decrease in the pH of our oceans and coastal waters. This indicator measures:</p>
<ul>
<li>change in pH, acidity and pCO2 (a measure of dissolved carbon dioxide) in New Zealand’s subantarctic surface waters (Munida Transect) from 1998 to 2020.</li>
</ul>
<p></p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
<p></p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 18 Aug 2022<br />
Updated: 18 Aug 2022<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2012tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040882019-10-16T22:14:10.441597+00:002019-10-15T23:52:13.256601+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104088-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-8m-2012/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2012"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104088.325676,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2012 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 15 Oct 2019</strong><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2012, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 8 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Updated: 15 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2012tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040872019-10-16T22:14:30.738445+00:002019-10-15T23:50:54.329529+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104087-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-6m-2012/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2012"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104087.325675,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2012 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 15 Oct 2019</strong><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2012, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 6 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Updated: 15 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2012tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040862019-10-16T22:14:37.445039+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104086-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-4m-2012/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2012"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104086.325674,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2012 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2012, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 4 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2011tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040852019-10-16T22:12:05.300891+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104085-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-8m-2011/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2011"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104085.325673,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2011 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2011, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 8 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2011tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040842019-10-16T22:14:19.303426+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104084-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-6m-2011/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2011"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104084.325672,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2011 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2011, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 6 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2011tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040822019-10-16T22:14:43.617682+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104082-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-4m-2011/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2011"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104082.325670,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2011 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2011, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 4 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2010tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040812019-10-16T22:14:47.940935+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104081-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-8m-2010/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2010"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104081.325669,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2010 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2010, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 8 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2010tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040802019-10-16T22:12:59.826768+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104080-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-6m-2010/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2010"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104080.325668,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2010 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2010, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 6 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2010tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040792019-10-16T22:12:46.987168+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104079-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-4m-2010/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2010"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104079.325667,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2010 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2010, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 4 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2009tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040782019-10-16T22:12:17.351539+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104078-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-8m-2009/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2009"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104078.325666,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2009 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2009, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 8 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2009tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040762019-10-16T22:11:43.703666+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104076-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-4m-2009/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2009"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104076.325664,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (4m), 2009 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2009, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 4 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2008tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040752019-10-16T22:09:37.860862+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104075-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-8m-2008/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2008"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104075.325663,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (8m), 2008 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>These data estimate the occurence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters for 2008, particularly for wave events where significant wave height exceeds a threshold of 8 metres and for a period of at least 12 hours. Significant wave height is defined as four times the square root of the variance of sea surface elevation due to wave motion.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2008tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040742019-10-16T22:11:37.079177+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/104074-ocean-and-coastal-extreme-waves-6m-2008/" title="Details for Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2008"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=104074.325662,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Ocean and coastal extreme waves (6m), 2008 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
<p>This index was generated using NIWA’s operational wave forecasting model NZWAVE-12.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Coastal and oceanic extreme waves 2008 - 2017tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040602019-10-16T22:11:15.467201+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/104060-coastal-and-oceanic-extreme-waves-2008-2017/" title="Details for Coastal and oceanic extreme waves 2008 - 2017"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/104060/325647/small.png" alt="Coastal and oceanic extreme waves 2008 - 2017 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>Extreme wave events can damage marine ecosystems and affect coastal infrastructure, ocean-based industries, and other human activities. </p>
<p>Changing wave characteristics can have impacts on natural systems, as most coastal and near-shore biological communities can be damaged or destroyed by extreme wave action (Ummenhofer & Mehl, 2017). In another example, extreme waves can disrupt ferries such as those crossing the Cook Strait. Sailings are often cancelled when significant wave heights exceed six metres. </p>
<p>It is important to report on extreme waves to gain greater insight into their frequency, particularly as sea level and storm surges are projected to increase and can compound wave effects. </p>
<p>In this dataset, an extreme wave event is defined as a continuous 12-hour period during which the significant wave height equals or exceeds one of three height thresholds: four, six, or eight metres. </p>
<p>Four-metre-tall waves are considered extreme in the northern-most parts but are more common in the south. For the southern-most parts of New Zealand, eight-metre waves better represent extreme wave events.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean acidification state 1998 - 2017tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2019-10:layers:1040522019-10-16T22:10:20.677215+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/104052-ocean-acidification-state-1998-2017/" title="Details for Ocean acidification state 1998 - 2017"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/104052/325639/small.png" alt="Ocean acidification state 1998 - 2017 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<p>Ocean acidification is the long-term decrease in the pH of our coastal waters and oceans. This indicator measures the change in pH in subantarctic surface waters at a station east of Otago from 1998 to 2017, and also the pH at selected coastal sites via the New Zealand Ocean Acidification Observing Network (NZOA-ON) from 2015 to 2017.</p>
<p>More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 16 Oct 2019<br />
Ocean acidification, 1998–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894612017-10-14T01:35:37.947749+00:002017-10-14T00:44:51.901858+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89461-ocean-acidification-19982016/" title="Details for Ocean acidification, 1998–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89461/285830/small.png" alt="Ocean acidification, 1998–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>The pH of New Zealand subantarctic waters is calculated from pCO2 (dissolved carbon dioxide) and alkalinity measurements using refitted Mehrbach constants (see Mehrbach et al, 1973; Dickson & Millero, 1987), and in-situ temperature taken from the Munida time-series transect off the Otago coast. Measurements of pCO2 are taken every two months.<br>
The Munida transect, in the subantarctic waters off Otago, is the Southern Hemisphere’s longest-running record of pH measurements (NIWA, 2015).<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our Environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Trends in ocean acidification, 1998–2016tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2017-10:layers:894622017-10-14T01:35:37.907613+00:002017-10-14T00:45:04.699263+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/89462-trends-in-ocean-acidification-19982016/" title="Details for Trends in ocean acidification, 1998–2016"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/89462/285831/small.png" alt="Trends in ocean acidification, 1998–2016 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2017</strong><br />
<p>The pH of New Zealand subantarctic waters is calculated from pCO2 (dissolved carbon dioxide) and alkalinity measurements using refitted Mehrbach constants (see Mehrbach et al, 1973; Dickson & Millero, 1987), and in-situ temperature taken from the Munida time-series transect off the Otago coast. Measurements of pCO2 are taken every two months.<br>
The Munida transect, in the subantarctic waters off Otago, is the Southern Hemisphere’s longest-running record of pH measurements (NIWA, 2015).<br>
Trends were assessed using linear regression at the 95% confidence level.<br>
More information on this dataset and how it relates to our Environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2017<br />
Coastal extreme waves (2008–15)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:534762016-10-19T04:18:40.635886+00:002016-10-19T04:18:10.248387+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/53476-coastal-extreme-waves-200815/" title="Details for Coastal extreme waves (2008–15)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/53476/158921/small.png" alt="Coastal extreme waves (2008–15) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 19 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>Extreme wave indexes estimate the occurrence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters. Extreme wave indexes estimate the number of times a significant wave height exceeds one of three threshold values for at least 12 hours in 24 marine regions. The three wave-height thresholds are four metres, six metres, and eight metres.<br>
This indicator estimates the exceedances of wave-height thresholds for each year from 2008 to 2015 in coastal areas.<br>
Significant wave height is a measure of the ‘typical’ wave height in a place over a time period. It is four times the standard deviation of the water surface if, for example, you were to measure water moving up and down a jetty piling for an hour. The largest individual wave will typically have a height around twice the significant wave height.<br>
We use three wave-height thresholds because of the regional variation in extreme wave events. In general, the north experiences less exposure to consistently strong winds, and the waves generated by them, than the south. Four-metre tall waves are considered extreme in the northern-most parts of New Zealand but are more common in the south. For the southern-most parts of New Zealand, eight-metre waves better represent extreme wave events.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Oceanic extreme waves (2008–15)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:534772016-10-19T04:19:11.414761+00:002016-10-19T04:18:45.971688+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/53477-oceanic-extreme-waves-200815/" title="Details for Oceanic extreme waves (2008–15)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/53477/158922/small.png" alt="Oceanic extreme waves (2008–15) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 19 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>Extreme wave indexes estimate the occurrence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters. Extreme wave indexes estimate the number of times a significant wave height exceeds one of three threshold values for at least 12 hours in 24 marine regions. The three wave-height thresholds are four metres, six metres, and eight metres.<br>
This indicator estimates the exceedances of wave-height thresholds for each year from 2008 to 2015 in oceanic areas around New Zealand.<br>
Significant wave height is a measure of the ‘typical’ wave height in a place over a time period. It is four times the standard deviation of the water surface if, for example, you were to measure water moving up and down a jetty piling for an hour. The largest individual wave will typically have a height around twice the significant wave height.<br>
We use three wave-height thresholds because of the regional variation in extreme wave events. In general, the north experiences less exposure to consistently strong winds, and the waves generated by them, than the south. Four-metre tall waves are considered extreme in the northern-most parts of New Zealand but are more common in the south. For the southern-most parts of New Zealand, eight-metre waves better represent extreme wave events.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Number of extreme wave events exceeding 4m in coastal regions, 2008–15tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:535002016-10-19T21:54:49.486214+00:002016-10-19T21:51:51.313818+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53500-number-of-extreme-wave-events-exceeding-4m-in-coastal-regions-200815/" title="Details for Number of extreme wave events exceeding 4m in coastal regions, 2008–15"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53500.158945,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Number of extreme wave events exceeding 4m in coastal regions, 2008–15 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 19 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>Extreme wave indexes estimate the occurrence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters. Extreme wave indexes estimate the number of times a significant wave height exceeds one of three threshold values for at least 12 hours in 24 marine regions. The three wave-height thresholds are four metres, six metres, and eight metres.<br>
This indicator estimates the exceedances of a wave-height threshold for each year from 2008 to 2015 in coastal regions.<br>
Significant wave height is a measure of the ‘typical’ wave height in a place over a time period. It is four times the standard deviation of the water surface if, for example, you were to measure water moving up and down a jetty piling for an hour. The largest individual wave will typically have a height around twice the significant wave height.<br>
We use three wave-height thresholds because of the regional variation in extreme wave events. In general, the north experiences less exposure to consistently strong winds, and the waves generated by them, than the south. Four-metre tall waves are considered extreme in the northern-most parts of New Zealand but are more common in the south. For the southern-most parts of New Zealand, eight-metre waves better represent extreme wave events.<br>
This dataset relates to the number of extreme wave events exceeding the four metre threshold in coastal regions.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Number of extreme wave events exceeding 6m in coastal regions, 2008–15tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:535012016-10-19T21:54:55.638987+00:002016-10-19T21:52:00.466427+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53501-number-of-extreme-wave-events-exceeding-6m-in-coastal-regions-200815/" title="Details for Number of extreme wave events exceeding 6m in coastal regions, 2008–15"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53501.158946,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Number of extreme wave events exceeding 6m in coastal regions, 2008–15 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 19 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>Extreme wave indexes estimate the occurrence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters. Extreme wave indexes estimate the number of times a significant wave height exceeds one of three threshold values for at least 12 hours in 24 marine regions. The three wave-height thresholds are four metres, six metres, and eight metres.<br>
This indicator estimates the exceedances of a wave-height threshold for each year from 2008 to 2015 in coastal regions.<br>
Significant wave height is a measure of the ‘typical’ wave height in a place over a time period. It is four times the standard deviation of the water surface if, for example, you were to measure water moving up and down a jetty piling for an hour. The largest individual wave will typically have a height around twice the significant wave height.<br>
We use three wave-height thresholds because of the regional variation in extreme wave events. In general, the north experiences less exposure to consistently strong winds, and the waves generated by them, than the south. Four-metre tall waves are considered extreme in the northern-most parts of New Zealand but are more common in the south. For the southern-most parts of New Zealand, eight-metre waves better represent extreme wave events.<br>
This dataset relates to the number of extreme wave events exceeding the six metre threshold in coastal regions.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Number of extreme wave events exceeding 8m in coastal regions, 2008–15tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:535022016-10-19T21:55:35.460478+00:002016-10-19T21:52:24.653204+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53502-number-of-extreme-wave-events-exceeding-8m-in-coastal-regions-200815/" title="Details for Number of extreme wave events exceeding 8m in coastal regions, 2008–15"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53502.158947,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Number of extreme wave events exceeding 8m in coastal regions, 2008–15 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 19 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>Extreme wave indexes estimate the occurrence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters. Extreme wave indexes estimate the number of times a significant wave height exceeds one of three threshold values for at least 12 hours in 24 marine regions. The three wave-height thresholds are four metres, six metres, and eight metres.<br>
This indicator estimates the exceedances of a wave-height threshold for each year from 2008 to 2015 in coastal regions.<br>
Significant wave height is a measure of the ‘typical’ wave height in a place over a time period. It is four times the standard deviation of the water surface if, for example, you were to measure water moving up and down a jetty piling for an hour. The largest individual wave will typically have a height around twice the significant wave height.<br>
We use three wave-height thresholds because of the regional variation in extreme wave events. In general, the north experiences less exposure to consistently strong winds, and the waves generated by them, than the south. Four-metre tall waves are considered extreme in the northern-most parts of New Zealand but are more common in the south. For the southern-most parts of New Zealand, eight-metre waves better represent extreme wave events.<br>
This dataset relates to the number of extreme wave events exceeding the eight metre threshold in coastal regions.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Number of extreme wave events exceeding 4m in oceanic regions, 2008–15tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:535032016-10-19T22:08:19.614653+00:002016-10-19T21:52:33.744637+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53503-number-of-extreme-wave-events-exceeding-4m-in-oceanic-regions-200815/" title="Details for Number of extreme wave events exceeding 4m in oceanic regions, 2008–15"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53503.158948,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Number of extreme wave events exceeding 4m in oceanic regions, 2008–15 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 19 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>Extreme wave indexes estimate the occurrence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters. Extreme wave indexes estimate the number of times a significant wave height exceeds one of three threshold values for at least 12 hours in 24 marine regions. The three wave-height thresholds are four metres, six metres, and eight metres.<br>
This indicator estimates the exceedances of wave-height thresholds for each year from 2008 to 2015 in oceanic regions around New Zealand.<br>
Significant wave height is a measure of the ‘typical’ wave height in a place over a time period. It is four times the standard deviation of the water surface if, for example, you were to measure water moving up and down a jetty piling for an hour. The largest individual wave will typically have a height around twice the significant wave height.<br>
We use three wave-height thresholds because of the regional variation in extreme wave events. In general, the north experiences less exposure to consistently strong winds, and the waves generated by them, than the south. Four-metre tall waves are considered extreme in the northern-most parts of New Zealand but are more common in the south. For the southern-most parts of New Zealand, eight-metre waves better represent extreme wave events.<br>
This dataset relates to the number of extreme wave events exceeding the four metre threshold in oceanic regions.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Number of extreme wave events exceeding 6m in oceanic regions, 2008–15tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:535042016-10-19T22:08:57.216322+00:002016-10-19T21:53:01.332186+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53504-number-of-extreme-wave-events-exceeding-6m-in-oceanic-regions-200815/" title="Details for Number of extreme wave events exceeding 6m in oceanic regions, 2008–15"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53504.158949,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Number of extreme wave events exceeding 6m in oceanic regions, 2008–15 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 19 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>Extreme wave indexes estimate the occurrence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters. Extreme wave indexes estimate the number of times a significant wave height exceeds one of three threshold values for at least 12 hours in 24 marine regions. The three wave-height thresholds are four metres, six metres, and eight metres.<br>
This indicator estimates the exceedances of a wave-height threshold for each year from 2008 to 2015 in oceanic regions.<br>
Significant wave height is a measure of the ‘typical’ wave height in a place over a time period. It is four times the standard deviation of the water surface if, for example, you were to measure water moving up and down a jetty piling for an hour. The largest individual wave will typically have a height around twice the significant wave height.<br>
We use three wave-height thresholds because of the regional variation in extreme wave events. In general, the north experiences less exposure to consistently strong winds, and the waves generated by them, than the south. Four-metre tall waves are considered extreme in the northern-most parts of New Zealand but are more common in the south. For the southern-most parts of New Zealand, eight-metre waves better represent extreme wave events.<br>
This dataset relates to the number of extreme wave events exceeding the six metre threshold in oceanic regions.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Number of extreme wave events exceeding 8m in oceanic regions, 2008–15tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:535052016-10-19T22:08:53.759140+00:002016-10-19T21:53:10.745564+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53505-number-of-extreme-wave-events-exceeding-8m-in-oceanic-regions-200815/" title="Details for Number of extreme wave events exceeding 8m in oceanic regions, 2008–15"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53505.158950,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Number of extreme wave events exceeding 8m in oceanic regions, 2008–15 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 19 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>Extreme wave indexes estimate the occurrence of extreme wave events in coastal and oceanic waters. Extreme wave indexes estimate the number of times a significant wave height exceeds one of three threshold values for at least 12 hours in 24 marine regions. The three wave-height thresholds are four metres, six metres, and eight metres.<br>
This indicator estimates the exceedances of a wave-height threshold for each year from 2008 to 2015 in oceanic regions.<br>
Significant wave height is a measure of the ‘typical’ wave height in a place over a time period. It is four times the standard deviation of the water surface if, for example, you were to measure water moving up and down a jetty piling for an hour. The largest individual wave will typically have a height around twice the significant wave height.<br>
We use three wave-height thresholds because of the regional variation in extreme wave events. In general, the north experiences less exposure to consistently strong winds, and the waves generated by them, than the south. Four-metre tall waves are considered extreme in the northern-most parts of New Zealand but are more common in the south. For the southern-most parts of New Zealand, eight-metre waves better represent extreme wave events.<br>
This dataset relates to the number of extreme wave events exceeding the eight metre threshold in oceanic regions.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Average number of days wind speed exceeded storm force (Beaufort Scale 10)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:534632016-10-14T01:54:36.354327+00:002016-10-14T01:37:11.573376+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53463-average-number-of-days-wind-speed-exceeded-storm-force-beaufort-scale-10/" title="Details for Average number of days wind speed exceeded storm force (Beaufort Scale 10)"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53463.158766,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Average number of days wind speed exceeded storm force (Beaufort Scale 10) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean storm index estimates the number of days in a year when wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. In a gale, sea conditions are rough and waves can be over six metres high. In a storm, waves can be over 10 metres high. To put this into context, on land a near gale would make walking difficult, and a storm would cause some damage to roofs, chimneys, and trees. Climate change could lead to changes in the frequency and intensity of storms. More frequent and intense storms will likely be a stressor for habitats and species.<br>
The ocean storm index estimates the number of days that wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. The Beaufort Scale is a widely used international classification that rates sea conditions from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane). We report on estimated wind speeds broken down to:<br>
- gales – measure 8 on the scale, have rough sea conditions with wind speeds of approximately 62–74 km per hour and wave heights of 5.5 metres<br>
- storms – measure 10 on the scale, have wind speeds of approximately 89–102 km per hour and wave heights of 9–11.5 metres (McDonald & Parsons, 2016).<br>
This dataset relates to the average number of days wind speed exceeded storm force (Beaufort Scale 10) from 1979–2015.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Average number of days wind speed exceeded gale force (Beaufort Scale 8)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:534612016-10-14T01:54:35.742854+00:002016-10-14T01:35:39.991288+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53461-average-number-of-days-wind-speed-exceeded-gale-force-beaufort-scale-8/" title="Details for Average number of days wind speed exceeded gale force (Beaufort Scale 8)"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53461.158764,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Average number of days wind speed exceeded gale force (Beaufort Scale 8) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean storm index estimates the number of days in a year when wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. In a gale, sea conditions are rough and waves can be over six metres high. In a storm, waves can be over 10 metres high. To put this into context, on land a near gale would make walking difficult, and a storm would cause some damage to roofs, chimneys, and trees. Climate change could lead to changes in the frequency and intensity of storms. More frequent and intense storms will likely be a stressor for habitats and species.<br>
The ocean storm index estimates the number of days that wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. The Beaufort Scale is a widely used international classification that rates sea conditions from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane). We report on estimated wind speeds broken down to:<br>
- gales – measure 8 on the scale, have rough sea conditions with wind speeds of approximately 62–74 km per hour and wave heights of 5.5 metres<br>
- storms – measure 10 on the scale, have wind speeds of approximately 89–102 km per hour and wave heights of 9–11.5 metres (McDonald & Parsons, 2016).<br>
This data relates to the average number of days wind speed exceeded gale force (Beaufort Scale 8) from 1979–2015.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Number of days when wind speed exceeded gale force (Beaufort Scale 8) in 2015tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:534622016-10-14T01:54:37.037406+00:002016-10-14T01:36:15.884549+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53462-number-of-days-when-wind-speed-exceeded-gale-force-beaufort-scale-8-in-2015/" title="Details for Number of days when wind speed exceeded gale force (Beaufort Scale 8) in 2015"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53462.158765,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Number of days when wind speed exceeded gale force (Beaufort Scale 8) in 2015 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean storm index estimates the number of days in a year when wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. In a gale, sea conditions are rough and waves can be over six metres high. In a storm, waves can be over 10 metres high. To put this into context, on land a near gale would make walking difficult, and a storm would cause some damage to roofs, chimneys, and trees. Climate change could lead to changes in the frequency and intensity of storms. More frequent and intense storms will likely be a stressor for habitats and species.<br>
The ocean storm index estimates the number of days that wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. The Beaufort Scale is a widely used international classification that rates sea conditions from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane). We report on estimated wind speeds broken down to:<br>
- gales – measure 8 on the scale, have rough sea conditions with wind speeds of approximately 62–74 km per hour and wave heights of 5.5 metres<br>
- storms – measure 10 on the scale, have wind speeds of approximately 89–102 km per hour and wave heights of 9–11.5 metres (McDonald & Parsons, 2016).<br>
This dataset relates to the number of days when wind speed exceeded gale force (Beaufort Scale 8) in 2015.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Number of days when wind speed exceeded storm force (Beaufort Scale 10) in 2015tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:534642016-10-14T01:54:36.035879+00:002016-10-14T01:37:42.223061+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/layer/53464-number-of-days-when-wind-speed-exceeded-storm-force-beaufort-scale-10-in-2015/" title="Details for Number of days when wind speed exceeded storm force (Beaufort Scale 10) in 2015"><img src="//tiles-cdn.koordinates.com/services/tiles/v4/thumbnail/layer=53464.158767,style=auto/90x70.png" alt="Number of days when wind speed exceeded storm force (Beaufort Scale 10) in 2015 thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean storm index estimates the number of days in a year when wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. In a gale, sea conditions are rough and waves can be over six metres high. In a storm, waves can be over 10 metres high. To put this into context, on land a near gale would make walking difficult, and a storm would cause some damage to roofs, chimneys, and trees. Climate change could lead to changes in the frequency and intensity of storms. More frequent and intense storms will likely be a stressor for habitats and species.<br>
The ocean storm index estimates the number of days that wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. The Beaufort Scale is a widely used international classification that rates sea conditions from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane). We report on estimated wind speeds broken down to:<br>
- gales – measure 8 on the scale, have rough sea conditions with wind speeds of approximately 62–74 km per hour and wave heights of 5.5 metres<br>
- storms – measure 10 on the scale, have wind speeds of approximately 89–102 km per hour and wave heights of 9–11.5 metres (McDonald & Parsons, 2016).<br>
This dataset relates to the number of days when wind speed exceeded storm force (Beaufort Scale 10) in 2015.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Acidity (pH) of subantarctic waters east of New Zealand (1998–2014)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2015-09:layers:525222015-09-28T23:53:52.743049+00:002015-09-28T23:52:59.961676+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/52522-acidity-ph-of-subantarctic-waters-east-of-new-zealand-19982014/" title="Details for Acidity (pH) of subantarctic waters east of New Zealand (1998–2014)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/52522/147249/small.png" alt="Acidity (pH) of subantarctic waters east of New Zealand (1998–2014) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 28 Sep 2015</strong><br />
<p>Ocean acidification, measured by the reduction in sea water pH, is mainly caused by oceans absorbing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Ocean acidification affects marine species in various ways. The growth and survival rates of some shell-building species are affected because they struggle to build their shells. The behaviour and physiology of some fish is also affected. This could influence marine ecosystems and commercial, customary, and recreational fishing or harvesting.<br>
This dataset relates to the "Ocean acidification" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website.</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 28 Sep 2015<br />
Updated: 28 Sep 2015<br />
Gorman (2016) datatag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:document:127262016-10-23T00:48:49.982679+00:00
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 23 Oct 2016<br />
Gorman 2016 Extreme wave indices for New Zealand coastal and oceanic waterstag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:document:127222016-10-23T00:40:02.710378+00:00
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 23 Oct 2016<br />
Ocean storms (1979–2015)tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:layers:534652016-10-14T01:52:38.883693+00:002016-10-14T01:48:51.178109+00:00
<a class="kxThumbnail" href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/table/53465-ocean-storms-19792015/" title="Details for Ocean storms (1979–2015)"><img src="https://assets.koordinates.com/kx-dandelion-live2-public/thumbs/layers/53465/158768/small.png" alt="Ocean storms (1979–2015) thumbnail"/></a><br />
<br /><strong>Updated with new data on 14 Oct 2016</strong><br />
<p>The ocean storm index estimates the number of days in a year when wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. In a gale, sea conditions are rough and waves can be over six metres high. In a storm, waves can be over 10 metres high. To put this into context, on land a near gale would make walking difficult, and a storm would cause some damage to roofs, chimneys, and trees. Climate change could lead to changes in the frequency and intensity of storms. More frequent and intense storms will likely be a stressor for habitats and species.<br>
The ocean storm index estimates the number of days that wind speeds exceed gale and storm force on the Beaufort Scale. The Beaufort Scale is a widely used international classification that rates sea conditions from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane). We report on estimated wind speeds broken down to:<br>
- gales – measure 8 on the scale, have rough sea conditions with wind speeds of approximately 62–74 km per hour and wave heights of 5.5 metres<br>
- storms – measure 10 on the scale, have wind speeds of approximately 89–102 km per hour and wave heights of 9–11.5 metres (McDonald & Parsons, 2016)</p>
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Updated: 14 Oct 2016<br />
Ocean storms report geotiffstag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:document:127192016-10-21T04:15:44.739662+00:00
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 21 Oct 2016<br />
McDonald, A & Parsons, S (2016). Ocean storm index. Prepared for the Ministry of the Environment. Christchurch: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury.tag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2016-10:document:126602016-10-19T05:16:51.914282+00:00
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 19 Oct 2016<br />
Ocean acidity trend statistics xlsxtag:data.mfe.govt.nz,2015-10:document:114292015-10-06T03:57:42.735205+00:00
From: <a href="https://data.mfe.govt.nz/group/environmental-reporting/" title="Profile for Environmental Reporting">Environmental Reporting</a><br />
Added: 06 Oct 2015<br />